Local domestication or diffusion? Insights into viticulture in Greece from Neolithic to Archaic times, using geometric morphometric analyses of archaeological grape seeds

Pagnoux, Clémence; Bouby, Laurent; Valamoti, Soultana Maria; Bonhomme, Vincent; Ivorra, Sarah; Gkatzogia, Eugenia; Karathanou, Angeliki; Kotsachristou, Dimitra; Kroll, Helmut; Terral, Jean‐Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2020.105263

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…So far, the most common method used to study the diversity of archaeological pips has been based on morphometric analysis. Wild and domesticated grapevine seeds can be distinguished based on seed shape, contributing greatly to connecting past to present diversity [ 121 , 122 , 123 ]. Basically, sylvestri s seeds are spherical with a small beak, while the vinifera seeds are pyriform-shaped with a well-developed beak [ 124 , 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: Ancient Dna To Investigate Grapevine Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Origins: Background and Perspectives of Grapevine Domestication

Grassi

Lorenzis

2021

IJMS

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Domestication is a process of selection driven by humans, transforming wild progenitors into domesticated crops. The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), besides being one of the most extensively cultivated fruit trees in the world, is also a fascinating subject for evolutionary studies. The domestication process started in the Near East and the varieties obtained were successively spread and cultivated in different areas. Whether the domestication occurred only once, or whether successive domestication events occurred independently, is a highly debated mystery. Moreover, introgression events, breeding and intense trade in the Mediterranean basin have followed, in the last thousands of years, obfuscating the genetic relationships. Although a succession of studies has been carried out to explore grapevine origin and different evolution models are proposed, an overview of the topic remains pending. We review here the findings obtained in the main phylogenetic and genomic studies proposed in the last two decades, to clarify the fundamental questions regarding where, when and how many times grapevine domestication took place. Finally, we argue that the realization of the pan-genome of grapes could be a useful resource to discover and track the changes which have occurred in the genomes and to improve our understanding about the domestication.

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Section: Ancient Dna To Investigate Grapevine Domesticationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Origins: Background and Perspectives of Grapevine Domestication

Grassi

Lorenzis

2021

IJMS

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“…In our study, we used a more extensive and more representative collection of modern seeds, the largest worldwide, to the best of our knowledge. The pioneer collection used in Terral et al 22 increased since then 17 , 51 , 56 . Here, we moreover directly infer cofactors of interest without the intermediate identification of the most-resembling modern variety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pip shape echoes grapevine domestication history

Bonhomme

Ivorra

Lacombe

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The pip, as the most common grapevine archaeological remain, is extensively used to document past viticulture dynamics. This paper uses state of the art morphological analyses to analyse the largest reference collection of modern pips to date, representative of the present-day diversity of the domesticated grapevine from Western Eurasia. We tested for a costructure between the form of the modern pips and the: destination use (table/wine), geographical origins, and populational labels obtained through two molecular approaches. Significant structuring is demonstrated for each of these cofactors and for the first time it is possible to infer properties of varieties without going through the parallel with modern varieties. These results provide a unique tool that can be applied to archaeological pips in order to reconstruct the spatio-temporal dynamics of grape diversity on a large scale and to better understand viticulture history. The models obtained were then used to infer the affiliations with archaeobotanical remains recovered in Mas de Vignoles XIV (Nîmes, France). The results show a twofold shift between the Late Iron Age and the Middle Ages, from table to wine grape varieties and from eastern to western origins which correlates with previous palaeogenomic results.

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“…The proportion of each type within each assemblage is then calculated. Within each assemblage, pips of each type (wild/domestic) were treated separately, in all subsequent analyses 23 , 53 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine

Bonhomme

Terral

Zech-Matterne

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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A crucial aspect of viticulture is finally unveiled as the historical dynamics of its agrobiodiversity are described in the Champagne region for the first time. Outline analyses were carried out to compare the morphology of archaeological grape seeds from Troyes and Reims (first c. AD to fifteenth c. AD) with that of a reference collection of modern seeds, including wild vines and traditional grape varieties, believed to be ancient and characteristic of the French vine heritage. This allows us to document the chronological dynamics of the use of the wild Vitis type and of the diversity of the varieties used, based on morphological disparity. After showing the existence of morphological types corresponding to geographical groups, we highlight a geochronological dynamic. Our results show that the wild type is used throughout the series, up to the Middle Ages. In addition, domestic forms, morphologically related to southern varietal groups, are very early involved in the Champagne grape agrodiversity. The groups corresponding to the typical grape varieties of today do not appear until the second millennium. These previously unsuspected dynamics are discussed in light of the social, societal and climatic changes documented for the period.

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Local domestication or diffusion? Insights into viticulture in Greece from Neolithic to Archaic times, using geometric morphometric analyses of archaeological grape seeds

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Back to the Origins: Background and Perspectives of Grapevine Domestication

Back to the Origins: Background and Perspectives of Grapevine Domestication

Pip shape echoes grapevine domestication history

Seed morphology uncovers 1500 years of vine agrobiodiversity before the advent of the Champagne wine

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