Local Custom Values as North Lombok Coastal Area Management

Abstract

The Indonesian traditional local custom known as the Ulayat is a local community right to manage certain surrounded land or water for marine natural resources management. There is recognition that the existence of customary law in Indonesia, especially concerning the fisheries and marine resources management system, is of the important and strategic value of the national effort to support sustainable marine and fisheries resources management. The aims of this research are: to identify the perceptions and aspirations of society toward Local Custom values and the adherence to the prevailing traditional/customary law, and to identify the extent to which opportunities for Local Custom values empowerment can be preserved and utilized in managing the coastal areas in North Lombok. This research uses a case study method (Yin, 2011) and qualitative analysis method. The sampling method is being collected purposively. The research results showed that the perceptions and aspirations of society toward the Local Custom values (called awig-awig) is still very strong and is still being practiced. Society tends to be more convinced that the law enforcement using customary law is more effective and has a strong deterrent effect because there are clear sanctions and prohibitions. It is due in part to distrust of the formal law, which seems arbitrary in pursuing any prosecution. The Local Custom, tradition, and customary law, as well as traditional institutions in North Lombok Regency, have an opportunity to be preserved and further developed by implementing awig-awig.

Chances and Challenges of Local Wisdom as a Management Model Toward Sustainable Fisheries

“…In comparison, awig-awig regarding marine and fisheries conservation researches results were found in 4 articles. All articles of awig-awig result from researches carried out in West Nusa Tenggara province's districts [3], [16]- [18].…”

“…Another note that leads to the impression that sasi, Panglima laot, and awig-awig are the most "popular" local wisdom is that at least combination any 2 out of these three local pearls of wisdom frequently referred to as fisheries local pearls of wisdom within an article collected. This event is found in 8 articles [3], [7], [10], [17], [18], [21], [27], [28]. Some factors probably cause the popularity of these three local pearls of wisdom.…”

“…The difference between awig-awig in Bali compared to Lombok and West Nusa Tenggara's based on research collected in this literature review was that awig-awig in Bali focus on forest reservation regulation [19]. In contrast, awig-awig in Lombok and West Nusa Tenggara focus on regulating coastal area management [16]- [18]. Therefore, this terminology is not exclusively related to coastal/fisheries local wisdom, which makes it similar to sasi terminology.…”

“…Awig-awig Awig-awig was a set of customary laws in environmental conservation and maintaining resources effort [15]. This local wisdom was commonly found in the West Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia [16]- [18]. However, the terminology awig-awig is also found in Bali [19].…”

“…Therefore, this terminology is not exclusively related to coastal/fisheries local wisdom, which makes it similar to sasi terminology. Some aspects of fishing management that are regulated by awig-awig were prohibiting the use of destructive fishing gears, setting certain days as no-fishing days, prohibiting coral reef destruction, and fishing zoning management [16], [18]. Besides coastal management regulation, awig-awig also defines sanctions imposed on those who infringe the regulation, ranging from delicate as the most lenient to a death sentence as the most severe [18].…”