Turkish Journal of Urology 2021
DOI: 10.5152/tju.2021.21143
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Local anesthetics versus systemic analgesics for reducing pain during Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL): A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Cited by 4 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Despite the established role of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) as an effective therapeutic approach to lithotripsy, sedation and analgesics measures are required to alleviate the considerable pain triggered by the energy dissipated as the electrical (magnetic) shock waves penetrate different tissue densities of the body (6). For pain relief in this setting, previous studies have reported the use of opiate analgesics (39), patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (40), general anesthesia (41), epidural injection (42), local anesthesia (43), and oral analgesics. Nevertheless, drug addiction and other side effects related to conventional analgesics such as dizziness, somnolence, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting (44), and even delayed hospital discharge (45,46) remain an important clinical concern.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite the established role of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) as an effective therapeutic approach to lithotripsy, sedation and analgesics measures are required to alleviate the considerable pain triggered by the energy dissipated as the electrical (magnetic) shock waves penetrate different tissue densities of the body (6). For pain relief in this setting, previous studies have reported the use of opiate analgesics (39), patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (40), general anesthesia (41), epidural injection (42), local anesthesia (43), and oral analgesics. Nevertheless, drug addiction and other side effects related to conventional analgesics such as dizziness, somnolence, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting (44), and even delayed hospital discharge (45,46) remain an important clinical concern.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This hampers the concentration of energy on the stone and reduces the success of lithotripsy [ 3 ]. The lithotripsy operator may also reduce the device's frequency and voltage due to the patient's unbearable and severe pain, resulting in a proportional decrease in lithotripsy success [ 35 ]. The most commonly used drug regimens for this purpose include NSAIDs such as diclofenac [ 36 ], sodium parecoxib [ 21 ], and opioids such as morphine [ 2 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Urinary stones are one of the most common reasons individuals seek urology clinics [ 1 ], affecting 12% of the general population [ 2 ]. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), a non-invasive therapeutic technique using shock waves, is considered the standard treatment for upper urinary tract and kidney stones [ 3 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…[12][13][14] Pharmacological approaches may result in adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, gastric bleeding and respiratory depression etc. [15,16] Due to the prevention of adverse events, non-pharmacological methods may be preferred to control pain. Music therapy serves as one distraction method and emergers as an effective adjunct in the control of mental disorders and the improvement of care quality.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%