“…OS, fibrosis, and inflammation are thought to play a role in the development and progression of BEN, but existing data are limited. Veljkovic et al performed a cross-sectional study including 50 patients diagnosed with BEN and 38 healthy controls and found that, compared to controls, BEN patients exhibited significantly increased systemic lipid and protein oxidation status, assessed by plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), respectively [ 10 ]. However, in urine, only AOPP levels were significantly higher compared to controls; the urine local lipid oxidation state was not different among groups, probably due to the reduced urine lipid content.…”