Local adaptation: simultaneously considering herbivores and their host plants

Garrido, Etzel; Andraca-Gómez, Guadalupe; Fornoni, Juan

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03923.x

Cited by 74 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Spatial variation in plant and herbivore populations and communities is likely to produce a similar effect. SVS may be particularly important for herbivores, as plants comprise a large fraction of an herbivore’s environment and may be more important than abiotic factors in determining herbivore fitness [9]. …”

Section: Why Should Plant-herbivore Interactions Maintain Genetic DIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintenance of genetic diversity through plant–herbivore interactions

Gloss

Dittrich

Goldman-Huertas

et al. 2013

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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Identifying the factors governing the maintenance of genetic variation is a central challenge in evolutionary biology. New genomic data, methods and conceptual advances provide increasing evidence that balancing selection, mediated by antagonistic species interactions, maintains functionally-important genetic variation within species and natural populations. Because diverse interactions between plants and herbivorous insects dominate terrestrial communities, they provide excellent systems to address this hypothesis. Population genomic studies of Arabidopsis thaliana and its relatives suggest spatial variation in herbivory maintains adaptive genetic variation controlling defense phenotypes, both within and among populations. Conversely, inter-species variation in plant defenses promotes adaptive genetic variation in herbivores. Emerging genomic model herbivores of Arabidopsis could illuminate how genetic variation in herbivores and plants interact simultaneously.

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Section: Why Should Plant-herbivore Interactions Maintain Genetic DIVmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systems in which one, highly specialized herbivore heavily influences plant fitness are ideal for studying both sides of the interaction (plant and herbivore) simultaneously, but may be less generalizable (e.g. [9]).…”

Section: Outstanding Questions/future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of genetic diversity through plant–herbivore interactions

Gloss

Dittrich

Goldman-Huertas

et al. 2013

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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“…Tolerance and resistance are often seen as functionally redundant defense strategies, since tolerant plants should benefit less from avoiding damage, and resistant plants should benefit less from compensating fitness losses due to damage [18], [19]. Compared to tolerance, resistance affects the fitness of the herbivore and may trigger a coevolutionary arms race [20]–[22]. Both strategies are potentially costly in terms of drawing resources from other plant functions [7], [23] and we would thus expect a trade-off between investment in tolerance and resistance [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Among-Population Variation in Tolerance to Larval Herbivory by Anthocharis cardamines in the Polyploid Herb Cardamine pratensis

et al. 2014

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Plants have two principal defense mechanisms to decrease fitness losses to herbivory: tolerance, the ability to compensate fitness after damage, and resistance, the ability to avoid damage. Variation in intensity of herbivory among populations should result in variation in plant defense levels if tolerance and resistance are associated with costs. Yet little is known about how levels of tolerance are related to resistance and attack intensity in the field, and about the costs of tolerance. In this study, we used information about tolerance and resistance against larval herbivory by the butterfly Anthocharis cardamines under controlled conditions together with information about damage in the field for a large set of populations of the perennial plant Cardamine pratensis. Plant tolerance was estimated in a common garden experiment where plants were subjected to a combination of larval herbivory and clipping. We found no evidence of that the proportion of damage that was caused by larval feeding vs. clipping influenced plant responses. Damage treatments had a negative effect on the three measured fitness components and also resulted in an earlier flowering in the year after the attack. Tolerance was related to attack intensity in the population of origin, i.e. plants from populations with higher attack intensity were more likely to flower in the year following damage. However, we found no evidence of a relationship between tolerance and resistance. These results indicate that herbivory drives the evolution for increased tolerance, and that changes in tolerance are not linked to changes in resistance. We suggest that the simultaneous study of tolerance, attack intensity in the field and resistance constitutes a powerful tool to understand how plant strategies to avoid negative effects of herbivore damage evolve.

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“…Few studies have teased apart the effects of abiotic and biotic agents of selection on local adaptation, but climate is clearly not the only factor that drives adaptive evolution (Lowry et al, 2009;Garrido et al, 2012). As climatic variables become decoupled from other agents of selection, genotypes may no longer have the greatest fitness in their home environments (Wang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Adaptive Evolution and Global Changementioning

confidence: 99%