Load-side Frequency Regulation with Limited Control Coverage

Pang, John Z. F.; Guo, Liemei; Low, Steven H.

doi:10.1145/3152042.3152071

Cited by 8 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The damping d is mainly due to the response of the local load to variations in frequency, which suggests that active load control is the best frequency regulation tool to mitigate step disturbances. Indeed, recent literature [28], [30], [37], [43], [44] has explored the potential of this method, also enabled by smarter grids. Our results lend support for this control strategy for improving synchronization in future power networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Analysis of Synchronization Performance for Power Systems: Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap

Paganini

Mallada

2020

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The issue of synchronization in the power grid is receiving renewed attention, as new energy sources with different dynamics enter the picture. Global metrics have been proposed to evaluate performance, and analyzed under highly simplified assumptions. In this paper we extend this approach to more realistic network scenarios, and more closely connect it with metrics used in power engineering practice. In particular, our analysis covers networks with generators of heterogeneous ratings and richer dynamic models of machines. Under a suitable proportionality assumption in the parameters, we show that the step response of bus frequencies can be decomposed in two components. The first component is a system-wide frequency that captures the aggregate grid behavior, and the residual component represents the individual bus frequency deviations from the aggregate.Using this decomposition, we define -and compute in closed form-several metrics that capture dynamic behaviors that are of relevance for power engineers. In particular, using the system frequency, we define industry-style metrics (Nadir, RoCoF) that are evaluated through a representative machine. We further use the norm of the residual component to define a synchronization cost that can appropriately quantify inter-area oscillations. Finally, we employ robustness analysis tools to evaluate deviations from our proportionality assumption. We show that the system frequency still captures the grid steady-state deviation, and becomes an accurate reduced-order model of the grid as the network connectivity grows.Simulation studies with practically relevant data are included to validate the theory and further illustrate the impact of network structure and parameters on synchronization. Our analysis gives conclusions of practical interest, sometimes challenging the conventional wisdom in the field. arXiv:1905.06948v1 [cs.SY] 16 May 2019Of course, other models are possible within this framework. We make the following assumption:Assumption 1. The transfer function g i (s) is stable (has all its poles in Re(s) < 0) and strictly positive real, i.e. Re[g i (jω)] > 0 for all ω ∈ R.This assumption implies that stability of the system, whichever the network.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Analysis of Synchronization Performance for Power Systems: Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap

Paganini

Mallada

2020

IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The last statement follows from the KKT conditions of (12), in particular ν * = ω * = 0. Indeed, the planner's problem (12) suggests another way of defining clearing prices based on dual optimizes (λ * , η * , ν * ), given by λ * • 1 − Hη * − ν * , such that they are incentive compatible with the economic dispatch q * :…”

Section: A Planner's Problemmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This means of pricing essentially boils down to the canonical LMPs λ * • 1 − Hη * with ν * = 0. Central to our developments will be the Lagrangian for the convex planner's problem (12), i.e., L(p, q, ω, θ, α, λ, η, ν)…”

Section: A Planner's Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is easy to see that ( 14) is convex in the primal variables (p, q, ω, θ) and concave (linear) in the dual variables (α, λ, η, ν). The KKT conditions establish a bijective mapping between a min-max saddle point (p * , q * , ω * , θ * , α * , λ * , η * ≥ 0, ν * ) of the planner's Lagrangian (14) and an optimal primal-dual solution to the planner's problem (12). We further refer to a function as a reduced planner's Lagrangian, if it is the optimum of the planner's Lagrangian (14) over a subset of the primal and dual variables.…”

Section: A Planner's Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On the Stability, Economic Efficiency and Incentive Compatibility of Electricity Market Dynamics

You¹,

Jiang²,

Yeung³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper focuses on the operation of an electricity market that accounts for participants that bid at a sub-minute timescale. To that end, we model the market-clearing process as a dynamical system, called market dynamics, which is temporally coupled with the grid frequency dynamics and is thus required to guarantee system-wide stability while meeting the system operational constraints. We characterize participants as pricetakers who rationally update their bids to maximize their utility in response to real-time schedules of prices and dispatch. For two common bidding mechanisms, based on quantity and price, we identify a notion of alignment between participants' behavior and planners' goals that leads to a saddle-based design of the market that guarantees convergence to a point meeting all operational constraints. We further explore cases where this alignment property does not hold and observe that misaligned participants' bidding can destabilize the closed-loop system. We thus design a regularized version of the market dynamics that recovers all the desirable stability and steady-state performance guarantees. Numerical tests validate our results on the IEEE 39-bus system.

show abstract

“…The increase in DERs would help the grid and its participants as well in terms of line management [6] and in terms of cost, where the locational marginal prices are less likely to increase since there is less congested power lines. Another possible benefit is the increased ability to perform frequency regulation [7] using the enhanced level of controllable load participation. Other benefits include more competitive prices, and improved economic efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporally Networked Cournot Platform Markets

Pang¹,

You²,

Chen³

2018

Proceedings of the 51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In networked markets, information can help firms make better decisions on which market (platform), and how much, to participate. However, these markets may be temporally separated, e.g., independent system operators in different geographical locations. We model these via networked Cournot markets, but instead consider the participation of one firm to either be with the realization (or full information) of a random market, or only with the statistics of the random market, modeled by an additive zero-mean random variable on the maximal price. We show that firms not knowing the realization of the random variable would participate in both markets in the same way as if the mean was realized. We then present global effects: we prove that profit is improved for every firm when one's information improves but social welfare may get better or worst with more information.

show abstract

Load-side Frequency Regulation with Limited Control Coverage

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Global Analysis of Synchronization Performance for Power Systems: Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap

Global Analysis of Synchronization Performance for Power Systems: Bridging the Theory-Practice Gap

On the Stability, Economic Efficiency and Incentive Compatibility of Electricity Market Dynamics

Temporally Networked Cournot Platform Markets

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About