Load-shedding Strategies for Preventing Cascading Failures in Power Grid

A new intelligent algorithm for load shedding against overload in active distribution networks

“…In this regard, these algorithms have several features that do not allow their use without modifications for distribution systems. The authors of [12] present a more suitable algorithm for this purpose.…”

“…Their main disadvantage is the complexity of setting the initial approximation for solving the optimization problem. In particular, the choice of control actions in [12] requires the knowledge of voltage angles at all nodes in an emergency control area. The source of this information may be, for example, a state estimation procedure.…”

A New Optimal Under-frequency Load-shedding Method Using Hybrid Culture–Particle Swarm Optimization–Co-evolutionary Algorithm and Artificial Neural Networks

“…During a system disturbance, a power system may break up into isolated subsystems known as islands and then a complete blackout. The under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) is a high-speed common practice for electric system utilities to avoid frequency drop [1,2].…”

“…Adaptive UFLS methods based on a df dt signal are usually categorized to three structures: (1) the adaptation of the load-shedding frequency threshold and df dt (f -df dt), (2) load-shedding time delay adaptation with df /dt (T D -df dt), and (3) load-shedding amount adaptation in each step with df /dt (LD -df dt) [7]. It is to be noted that the two first methods are not effective in practice, but the third not only has a remarkable effect on system stability but also can be implemented with under-frequency relays capabilities.…”

Vulnerability Analysis of Satellite-based Synchronized Smart Grids Monitoring Systems

“…As a consequence, the SGs operator could exploit the transmission and generation capacity more efficiently, the renewable power generators can be used more effectively, and the marginal cost of power generation can be reduced [16,17].…”