Load Securement and Packaging Methods to Reduce Risk of Damage and Personal Injury for Cargo Freight in Truck, Container and Intermodal Shipments

Singh, Paul; Singh, Jay; Antle, John; Topper, Erin; Grewal, G. S.

doi:10.14448/japr.01.0005

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…• Palletized shipment requires to ensure the pallet is in appropriate size and strong to keep the load stable during handling & transportation (Singh, Singh, Antle, Topper, & Grewal, 2014) • The best and easiest way to prevent damage is to properly prepare the freight according to the correct standard operation procedure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How to Reduce Cargo Damage?

Oktaviani¹,

Yadia²,

Nasution³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the Conference on Global Research on Sustainable Transport (GROST 2017)

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Abstract:The objective of this paper is to improve the perfomance of cargo delivery by minimazing the number of cargo damage. This paper explains the steps to reduce cargo damage and also explains what the usual reasons are that cause damage to cargo. The most important things to be noticed is how to handle the cargo and how to reduce the number of risk possibility by finding the things that may cause it.Fishbone diagrams and interview were used to collect data. Fishbone diagrams were used to identify and classify the causes and the effect of it. Therefore, this paper was explained using descriptive analysis method.The results of this paper said most of cargo damage are as follows packing torn, dent and wet. Cargo damage may occur due to 5 causes: human, methods, machines or tools, environment and material.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Empty space can fit with additional devices such as wooden beams, airbags and others in loading with safe loading methods (Singh et al, 2014) • Important for the sender to ensure that a good quality pallet is used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Reduce Cargo Damage?

Oktaviani¹,

Yadia²,

Nasution³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the Conference on Global Research on Sustainable Transport (GROST 2017)

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“…Loading LTL related cargo in truck trailers is a complicated undertaking the products vary widely in size, density, value, packaging and handling characteristics [6]. With this unavoidable diversity in cargo, LTL carriers are faced with the challenge of optimizing the available space in the trailers with the largest number of shipping units that can be shipped without causing damage and compromising safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Analysis of Transport Vibration for LTL Freight Utilizing Stowage Optimization Equipment

Singh

Saha

Leinberger

et al. 2017

J Package Technol Res

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The random vibration spectra typically used in lab based simulations towards developing and validating optimized packages for distribution have been developed through past research that have studied global transport vibration environments. Approximately 67% of all the freight tonnage moved in the U.S. utilizes heavy duty Class 8 trucks. While the floor (suspension) based vibration simulation profiles for these types of trucks are available towards lab based simulation, there have been no studies investigating the impact of shelving and stacking systems typically used for optimization of freight stowage in truck trailers by many freight companies. It is important to quantify how these storage systems affect the vibration levels experienced by loads within the trailers. This study utilized data recorders to measure and analyze the vibration levels experienced by products placed on aluminum decking beams and steel decking tables commonly used for stacking of loads on truck trailers in less-than-truckload (LTL) freight. Random vibration profiles were measured from the aluminum decking beams, steel decking tables and floor of the truck trailers. The results of this study show that the vibration levels experienced by LTL cargo, when decking tables and beams are used for stowage, are significantly different in comparison to the commonly used International Safe Transit Association steel spring truck profile. Using the power density spectrums developed in this study, packaging engineers should be able to develop and/or validate optimum protective packaging systems for LTL cargo transportation in North America that implement such stowage practices.

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“…in North America, India and Thailand. [6][7][8][9][10] These studies previously determined that the vertical vibration intensities were higher than the lateral and longitudinal levels for both truck and rail transportation. There is a study that presents the method of simulating vibration levels on railway for railcar components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Analysis of Vibration Levels in Rail Transport in Central Europe

Böröcz

Singh

2016

Packag Technol Sci

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In the last decade, with a continued change in world economic conditions and global trade, transportation of goods has continued to increase. The opening of new and existing markets requires that products and packages move through various regions of the world using available logistical equipment and networks at a faster pace. It also requires that damage be kept at a minimum while providing maximum safety to individuals. This can be achieved by properly designing packages to transportation levels that occur in the supply chain. The purpose of this research is to both measure and analyse the vibration physical forces that occur during rail transport. Rail shipments are widely used across the world, and they are an integral part of the intermodal transfer of ISO containers from ships and trucks to rail. The aim of this paper is to provide vibration levels measured for rail shipments on a major railway line in Central Europe that has not been previously published. The vibration levels that were measured in this study were compared with American Society of Testing and Materials, United States Military Standards and United Kingdom Defense Standard standards and International Safe Transit Association procedures in the form of power spectral density spectrums. A composite power spectral density spectrum is provided which can be used to simulate the measured rail vibration levels in Central Europe. Results are also compared with rail travel in other international shipments for North America and Asia.

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Load Securement and Packaging Methods to Reduce Risk of Damage and Personal Injury for Cargo Freight in Truck, Container and Intermodal Shipments

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

How to Reduce Cargo Damage?

How to Reduce Cargo Damage?

Measurement and Analysis of Transport Vibration for LTL Freight Utilizing Stowage Optimization Equipment

Measurement and Analysis of Vibration Levels in Rail Transport in Central Europe

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