Load-flexible fixed-bed reactors by multi-period design optimization

Zimmermann, R.; Bremer, Jens; Sundmacher, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130771

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Fischer and Freund proposed staged reactor setups with different levels of catalyst dilution and feed dosing, showing a significant improvement of load flexibility and no limitations to dynamic behavior. Zimmermann et al compare catalyst dilution and core–shell particle as design strategy for flexible and dynamic operation. Optimal design and operating parameters are determined for both cases and the response to step changes is compared, which demonstrates that faster load changes can be realized with core–shell particles.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Herrmann

Grünewald

Meijer

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Power systems with high shares of fluctuating renewable energies require the management of power demand conforming to availability as well as storage for periods of low generation. The production of synthetic natural gas with power-to-gas (PtG) plants offers a solution to both problems: flexibility in plant capacity and long-term energy storage. Hence, we study the dynamic operability of a methanation plant as a key part of the PtG process. At first, the effect of catalyst dilution on maximum temperature and load range in the main reactor is investigated. Subsequently, the dynamic and load change behavior of the plant are studied by analyzing load ramps and operation according to a pre-defined load profile. For a complete picture, experiments and simulations are evaluated at the same time. Results show that the dilution of a commercial catalyst with inert material is an effective measure to reduce the maximum temperature in a methanation plant without compromising product quality. This holds true for dynamic operation, where the plant shows an excellent capability of following fast load changes. Dividing the main reactor into three zones of different catalytic activity is practical from an operator’s point of view and applicable to existing plants to improve flexibility.

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Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Herrmann

Grünewald

Meijer

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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show abstract

“…[17,[19][20][21] Many studies have investigated the reactor behavior during the dynamic operation through reactor modeling and all of them have used global rate expressions such as the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) approach. [5,6,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] However, the parameters of these kinetics are always regressed to steady-state experiments. [31][32][33] Although these kinetic approaches are used frequently, they fail to accurately describe transient effects commonly observed in methanation experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have investigated the reactor behavior during the dynamic operation through reactor modeling and all of them have used global rate expressions such as the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood‐Hougen‐Watson (LHHW) approach [5,6,22–30] . However, the parameters of these kinetics are always regressed to steady‐state experiments [31–33] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microkinetic Modeling of the Transient CO₂ Methanation with DFT‐Based Uncertainties in a Berty Reactor

et al. 2022

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The transient operation of methanation reactors can become desirable when coupled with fluctuating renewable energies in Power-to-Gas scenarios, which requires suitable kinetic approaches that can describe the transient catalytic phenomena. A combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the transient CO 2 methanation is conducted using concentration forcing to derive a suitable microkinetic model. Methanation experiments are performed with a Ni/SiO 2 catalyst in a Bertytype reactor at industrially relevant conditions. The micro-kinetics are based on previous work and were automatically constructed for the Ni(111) facet using the Reaction Mechanism Generator. A feasible set of energetic parameters of the microkinetic models was identified in a theory-constrained optimization procedure within the DFT uncertainty space that can accurately reproduce the experimental results on a firstprinciples basis. The microkinetic model unravels that the formation of H 2 O* and CH 3 * control the activity and selectivity of Ni(111) under the investigated conditions.

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“…To address this, Zimmermann et al . have recently investigated the use of non‐uniform catalyst particles [9,10] . It was found that core‐shell catalysts, i. e ., pellets consisting of a catalytically active core surrounded by an inactive shell, result in a faster start‐up and shut‐down of the reactor compared to uniform catalyst particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To address this, Zimmermann et al have recently investigated the use of non-uniform catalyst particles. [9,10] It was found that coreshell catalysts, i. e., pellets consisting of a catalytically active core surrounded by an inactive shell, result in a faster start-up and shut-down of the reactor compared to uniform catalyst particles. More importantly though, wrong-way behavior is avoided, and parametric sensitivity studies reveal broad operation regimes in terms of coolant temperature, reactor pressure and inlet gas velocity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic Al₂O₃ Xerogels with Hierarchical Meso‐/Macropore System as Catalyst Supports for Methanation of CO₂

et al. 2022

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Cylindrical, cm-sized monolithic Al 2 O 3 xerogels with hierarchical meso-/macropore system were prepared by sol-gel synthesis. The influence of both solvent exchange and drying on monolith stability and the resulting pore system was studied following mass and volume of the monolith as well as by porosimetry and electron microscopy. Crack-free drying of the monoliths requires a proper management of drying stress. This is achieved by adjusting the drying rate and solvent exchange procedure applied to the intermediate lyogels. Moreover, mainly through differences in capillary pressure, changing the pore fluid allows an adjustment of the mesopore width from 7.6 nm to 10.5 nm. Neither solvent exchange nor drying affect the macropores, the width of which stays at 1.5 μm. Finally, CO 2 methanation over Ni-impregnated Al 2 O 3 monoliths reveals CO 2 conversion and CH 4 selectivity comparable to an industrial Ni/Al 2 O 3 benchmark catalyst.

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Load-flexible fixed-bed reactors by multi-period design optimization

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Microkinetic Modeling of the Transient CO₂ Methanation with DFT‐Based Uncertainties in a Berty Reactor

Monolithic Al₂O₃ Xerogels with Hierarchical Meso‐/Macropore System as Catalyst Supports for Methanation of CO₂

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Load-flexible fixed-bed reactors by multi-period design optimization

Cited by 23 publications

References 50 publications

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Methanation Plant with Catalyst Dilution under Dynamic Operating Conditions

Microkinetic Modeling of the Transient CO2 Methanation with DFT‐Based Uncertainties in a Berty Reactor

Monolithic Al2O3 Xerogels with Hierarchical Meso‐/Macropore System as Catalyst Supports for Methanation of CO2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Microkinetic Modeling of the Transient CO₂ Methanation with DFT‐Based Uncertainties in a Berty Reactor

Monolithic Al₂O₃ Xerogels with Hierarchical Meso‐/Macropore System as Catalyst Supports for Methanation of CO₂