Living experiences of people living with HIV-AIDS from the client’s perspective in nurse-client interaction in Indonesia: A qualitative study

Abstract

Background Nurse–client interaction when providing nursing services is limited to optimizing treatment and self-care, with limited focus on the psychological problems of people living with HIV-AIDS. However, psychological problems manifest more often than the health risks of the disease itself. This study aimed to determine the emotional response of people living with HIV-AIDS who received limited attention from nurses from the perspective of nurse–client relationship. Patients and methods A phenomenological qualitative design was used through in-depth face-to-face interviews in a semi-structured manner, in an effort to obtain complete data. This research used purposive sampling with Participatory Interpretative Phenomenology analysis, involving 22 participants (14 males and 8 females). Results This research produces several themes, with six subcategories: 1) Difficulty of social access, 2) Forcing to accept their situation and suppressing their will, 3) Wanting to be recognized like other people in general, 4) Social stigma and self-stigmatization affecting surroundings, 5) Lacking enthusiasm for life expectancy, 6) Always lingering under the shadow "when death picks up." Conclusion The results showed that mental stress was experienced more than physical problems by people living with HIV-AIDS, thus prompting new changes to nursing services for HIV-AIDS patients that emphasize psychosocial aspects, in addition to clinical features, facilitated by satisfying relationships between nurses and clients to provide quality services.

Perspectives of people with HIV/AIDS on psychosocial disorders on motivation and quality of Life

“…Decreased physical condition, high threat of death, coupled with discrimination or bad stigma addressed to PLHIV that causes their high psychological disorders that can cause a decrease in the quality of life of PLHIV (Girianto & Wiwik, 2017). Research conducted by Nasir et al (2023) found the same thing about the poor quality of life of PLHIV with depression due to discrimination and/or bad stigma in the PLHIV environment.…”

“…This study also found that the problem of accepting HIV status in the form of rejection of HIV status experienced by PLHIV greatly affects their social life. Self-acceptance of HIV status has a (Maxwell Landri Vers Malakauseya, et al) positive impact on PLHIV (Nasir et al, 2023). Accepting HIV status encourages a person to seek health care and is often accompanied by a sense of need and value for HIV medical care (Horter et al, 2017).…”

“…Accepting HIV status encourages a person to seek health care and is often accompanied by a sense of need and value for HIV medical care (Horter et al, 2017). Eliminating stigma and discrimination must also be done so that PLHIV is more accepted by families and communities (Dahlui et al, 2015) because living a carefree life in an environment that is willing to accept them is the expectation of PLHIV (Nasir et al, 2023). Increasing public awareness and knowledge, providing education to PLHIV, increasing self-efficacy, providing social and physical support, and advocating for the rights of PLHIV are strategies that can be done to combat stigma in PLHIV (Chambers et al, 2015;Dos Santos et al, 2014).…”

The effect of HIV on patients’ lives: a phenomenological qualitative study

“…Individuals with HIV often face stigma and discrimination, particularly within their local communities (Greenwood et al, 2022 ). Experiencing such stigma and discrimination can cause significant psychological issues for those living with HIV/AIDS, including increased anxiety, depression, and heightened risk of suicidal thoughts or actions (Nasir et al, 2023 ). Individuals with HIV often live with fear related to family, society, and religion (Parsons, 2022 ).…”