The self-management model can increase the immunity of people with HIV and AIDS during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

Cases of people living with HIV and AIDS continue to increase from year to year, necessitating a focus on maintaining their health. To ensure their well-being, individuals with HIV/AIDS must be vigilant in preserving their immunity, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. This research aimed to enhance the immunity of people with HIV and AIDS during the COVID-19 pandemic utilizing a self-management model approach. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest measurements, involving a sample of 30 HIV and AIDS patients in Sorong City, selected through purposive sampling technique. Independent variable in this research was the self-management model, which measured using Self-Management Model Guidebook and dependent variable was increasing the immunity of people with HIV and AIDS, which was measured using Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and CD4 cell observation. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test with significance level for these tests was set at 95%, with α ≤ 0.05. Analyzing the SRQ results of HIV/AIDS patients before and after the intervention, indicated a significant difference with a Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.044 < 0.05. This suggests a notable change in the SRQ results of HIV/AIDS patients. Additionally, the analysis of CD4 cell values before and after the intervention, yielded a Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05, signifying a difference in the CD4 cell results of HIV/AIDS patients. In conclusion, implementing the self-management model with the four management functions from Planning, Organizing, Actuating, and Controlling (POAC) over a period of 30 days for HIV and AIDS patients during the COVID-19 pandemic can enhance both mental and psychosocial immunity, as well as physical immunity. The findings of this research provide valuable information to health workers, recommending the adoption of the Self-Management Model Guide intervention to enhance the immunity of individuals with HIV and AIDS.