Liver Regeneration and Bioengineering

Synthetic liver fibrotic niche extracts achieve in vitro hepatoblasts phenotype enhancement and expansion

“…We proved that the defined components from the synthetic NE, namely collagen type III, type IV, IL-17, IL-18 and M-CSF combination, could enhance the phenotype maintenance and expansion of HBs. Collagen types III and IV are both involved in the proliferation of HBs during fetal liver development and liver fibrosis ( Baptista et al., 2014 ; McClelland et al., 2008 ). IL-17 signaling was proved to facilitate production of IL-6, IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by immune cells and increased the expression of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1), which is a fibrogenic cytokine ( Henderson et al., 2020 ).…”

Regenerative hepatology: In the quest for a modern prometheus?

“…In addition, the microvasculature and the biliary network of the host organ is preserved thus potentially favouring organ recovery even in cases of extensive liver damage as in most cases of ALF 18 . However, low cell viability and proliferation rates following cryopreservation, instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) and limited cell engraftment 13,19 are the main reasons preventing a more widespread use of HT. Therefore, although there have been a significant number of studies presenting HT in hepatic inborn errors of metabolism [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and ALF [35][36][37][38][39] , the applicability and effectiveness of this approach are still debated.…”

Present and Future Perspectives of Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoid Against Liver Failure

“…They are obtained via patients autopsy then cryoprotected 11 –16 . Transplantation of hepatocytes is optimal for liver tissue; however, donor shortages and instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) are difficulties faced by medical professionals during hepatocyte transplantation 17,18 . IBMIR recognizes transplanted hepatocytes and rejects them through the activation of both complement and coagulation pathways 18 .…”