Liver Aspartate Transaminase Isoenzymes as Biomarkers of Chronic Exposure to Chromium(VI)

Najafi, Mohammad; Roustazadeh, Abazar; Moshtaghie, Ali Asghar; Ani, Mohsen

doi:10.2478/10004-1254-64-2013-2358

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The results of Aksu’s study equally showed that lower levels of organic trace elements did not negatively affect serum biochemical indices in broilers [ 27 ]. When tissue cells are damaged or necrotic, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate transaminase (AST) are released and their activity in the serum is elevated [ 28 , 29 ]. It has been reported that 1/3 NRC recommended levels of organic trace elements do not significantly affect serum ALT and AST activities in livestock [ 27 ], which is consistent with the results obtained in our experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Trace Elements Improve the Eggshell Quality via Eggshell Formation Regulation during the Late Phase of the Laying Cycle

Yang,

Deng,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Animals

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The quality of eggshells is critical to the egg production industry. The addition of trace elements has been shown to be involved in eggshell formation. Organic trace elements have been found to have higher biological availability than inorganic trace elements. However, the effects of organic trace elements additive doses on eggshell quality during the laying period of commercial laying hens required further investigation. This experiment aims to explore the potential mechanisms of different doses of organic trace elements replacing inorganic elements to remodel the eggshell quality of egg-laying hens during the laying period. A total of 360 healthy hens (Lohmann Pink, 45-week-old) were randomly divided into four treatments, with six replications per treatment and 15 birds per replication. The dietary treatments included a basal diet supplemented with inorganic iron, copper, zinc and manganese at commercial levels (CON), a basal diet supplemented with organic iron, copper, zinc and manganese at 20% commercial levels (LOT), a basal diet supplemented with organic iron, copper, zinc and manganese at 30% commercial levels (MOT), and a basal diet supplemented with organic iron, copper, zinc and manganese at 40% commercial levels (HOT). The trial lasted for 8 weeks. The results of the experiment showed that the replacement of organic trace elements did not significantly affect the production performance of laying hens (p > 0.05). Compared with inorganic trace elements, the MOT and HOT groups improved the structure of the eggshells, enhanced the hardness and thickness of the eggshells, increased the Haugh unit of the eggs, reduced the proportion of the mammillary layer in the eggshell, and increased the proportion of the palisade layer (p < 0.05). In addition, the MOT and HOT groups also increased the enzyme activity related to carbonate transport in the blood, the expression of uterine shell gland-related genes (CA2, OC116, and OCX32), and the calcium and phosphorus content in the eggshells (p < 0.05). We also found that the MOT group effectively reduced element discharge in the feces and enhanced the transportation of iron (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 30–40% organic micronutrients were able to improve eggshell quality in aged laying hens by modulating the activity of serum carbonate transport-related enzymes and the expression of eggshell deposition-related genes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Trace Elements Improve the Eggshell Quality via Eggshell Formation Regulation during the Late Phase of the Laying Cycle

Yang,

Deng,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…33 In general, the liver is one of the important immunological organs, which can involve in immune function, while ALT and AST activities are mainly measured to assess the severity of hepatic tissues and function injuries. 34 According to the study of Najafi et al, 35 rat serum AST activities increased in longterm exposure to hexavalent chromium, whereas Laschtowitz et al 36 researched serum ALT levels in autoimmune hepatitis and cirrhosis patients showed that a considerable proportion of patients with liver injury emerged normal ALT levels. These findings were consistent with our results and suggested that pregnancy and lactation BDE-209 exposure induced female offspring hepatic injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of autonomic nervous system in BDE‐209 maternal exposure induced immunotoxicity in female offspring

Mao,

Tang,

et al. 2024

Environmental Toxicology

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Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE‐209) is a typical persistent organic pollutant that can cross the placental barrier, increasing the exposure risk for offspring. Norepinephrine (NE) from nerve terminals and acetylcholine (Ach) can bind to specific receptors on immune cells, inhibit the immune function of the body then cause immunotoxicity. However, whether maternal exposure to BDE‐209 could lead to immunotoxicity in the offspring by acting on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems remains unclear. In view of this, the pregnancy and lactation rat BDE‐209 exposure model was established and the results demonstrated that pregnancy and lactation BDE‐209 exposure could induce immunotoxicity to female offspring via affecting immunopathology (hematological and biochemical parameters, organ indices, and spleen histopathological), decreasing humoral immunity (serum hemolysin, immunoglobulins, and cytokine productions), damaging cellular immunity (splenic lymphocytes and spleen cytokine productions), and restraining nonspecific immunity. Moreover, a dramatically significant correlation was observed between spleen nerve indices and immunity indices. Additionally, the mechanism revealed that maternal BDE‐209 exposure caused offspring immunotoxicity through (1) activating MHC/PKCθ/NF‐κB pathway; (2) promoting sympathetic nervous pathway, by upregulating the expression of β2AR protein, which in turn elevating cAMP, following activate PKA and phosphorylate CREB, ultimately leading to immunotoxicity;(3) activating parasympathetic nerve pathway by reducing the binding with Ach and α7nAchR, upregulating the expression of JAK2 and phosphorylating STAT3, induced immunotoxicity of female offspring.

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Effect of ethylthiosulfаnylate and Chrome(VI) on the pro/antioxidant system in rats blood

Kotyk¹,

Iskra²,

Sushko³

et al. 2019

Bìol. Tvarin

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Synthetic water-soluble phenolic antioxidants are known anti-inflammatory chemicals, some of them were shown to induce components of antioxidative defense enzymes NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) via activation of Nrf2 pathway. Our experimental in vivo models have demonstrated an increase of both gstp1 and nqo1 expression in the liver of mice treated with novel organosulfur phenolic compounds TS-12, TS-13, TS-14. Both expression and activity of GSTP1 was dependent on the distance of active thiosulfonate group in para-position from the benzene ring of the above antioxidants. The increase of nqo1 and gstp1 gene expression was mediated by the antioxidant-binding response element (ARE). Our results revealed the role of Nrf2/ARE-dependent transcription regulation in response to the new phenolic antioxidants and suggested possible strategy to improve antioxidative properties of synthetic phenolic compounds.

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Liver Aspartate Transaminase Isoenzymes as Biomarkers of Chronic Exposure to Chromium(VI)

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Organic Trace Elements Improve the Eggshell Quality via Eggshell Formation Regulation during the Late Phase of the Laying Cycle

Organic Trace Elements Improve the Eggshell Quality via Eggshell Formation Regulation during the Late Phase of the Laying Cycle

Role of autonomic nervous system in BDE‐209 maternal exposure induced immunotoxicity in female offspring

Effect of ethylthiosulfаnylate and Chrome(VI) on the pro/antioxidant system in rats blood

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