Liveness detection via oculomotor plant characteristics: Attack of mechanical replicas

Abstract

A novel approach that performs liveness detection for biometric modalities that use eye movement signal for person identification is proposed and evaluated. Liveness detection is done via estimation and analysis of the internal non-visible anatomical structure of the human eye termed Oculomotor Plant Characteristics (OPC). At this stage of its development the OPC approach targets prevention of spoof attacks that are generated by the accurate mechanical replicas of the human eye. We generalize and test two classes of such eye replicas via their mathematical representations. Specifically, we investigate following classes of replicas: a) those that are built using default OPC values specified by the research literature, and b) those that are built from the OPC specific to an individual. The results that involved processing live data from 32 individuals over four recording sessions and their eye replicas indicate relatively high theoretical resistance of the OPC liveness detection method to the mechanical attack that impersonates an authentic user.

Software framework for an ocular biometric system

“…The ocular biometric system provides biometric comparison algorithms for the CEM-P [Holland and Komogortsev 2011], CEM-B [Holland and Komogortsev 2013], and COB biometric paradigms, with plans to add support for OPC [Komogortsev, et al 2010] in the near future.…”

“…First, due to the unique physical properties of the oculomotor plant and neurological properties of the brainstem control, it is practically infeasible to accurately reproduce human eye movements outside of a living subject, providing an inherent level of counterfeit-resistance and liveness detection [Komogortsev and Karpov 2013]. Second, eye movement biometrics have been shown to enhance the accuracy and counterfeit-resistance of multi-biometric systems ].…”

Recognition of boards using wood fingerprints based on a fusion of feature detection methods

“…A lot of different recognition techniques are today being researched in the field of biometric identification for security and prevention of identify theft (Komogortsev and Karpov, 2013;Yang et al, 2013;Czajka and Bulwan, 2013). As wood recognition and wood traceability are relatively unexplored areas of research there is a lot to learn from the human biometrics field.…”

Presentation attack detection on visible spectrum iris recognition by exploring inherent characteristics of Light Field Camera

“…In [14], the PAD is carried out by employing a multiple light source to measure the variation of reflectance between iris and sclera region. The attack detection based on Oculomotor Plant Characteristics (OPC) to capture the saccadic eye movements using eye tracker is presented in [13]. A new hardware setup to capture a stereo image of visible spectrum iris to detect the attack especially by presenting a cosmetic contact lens is introduced in [7].…”