Littoral zone macrophyte community structure: Distribution and association of species along physical gradients in Lake George, New York, U.S.A.

Collins, Carol D.; Sheldon, Richard B.; Boylen, Charles W.

doi:10.1016/0304-3770(87)90095-7

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…E. canadensis's initial and stable biomass peak at 3-4 m in Steinsfjord aligns with similar observations of E. canadensis's "preference" for such intermediate depths (e.g., Collins et al, 1987;French and Chambers, 1996). However, surface mats have not appeared in Steinsfjord since the peak period in the mid1980s, and plant shoots have become shorter (Berge et al, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Rodrı´guez-Villafan˜e et al (2007) also found that M. alterniflorum is a "non-preferred" species by herbivorous waterfowl. Even though M. alterniflorum's "preference" for shallow waters (Collins et al, 1987) and E. canadensis's for mid-depths (Collins et al, 1987;French and Chambers, 1996; this study) suggest an inherent spatial partitioning to some degree, E. canadensis can also grow in shallow waters (e.g., Bowmer et al, 1984;Kłosowski et al, 2011). We suggest that the heavy herbivory on E. canadensis in Steinsfjord may have led to an enhanced competition benefit for M. alterniflorum in shallow areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Absence or low presence of E. canadensis in very shallow waters has been reported earlier (Forest, 1977;Nichols and Shaw, 1986;Collins et al 1987;French and Chambers, 1996) and may be associated with a combination of factors, including changed nutrient level in the sediment and grazing pressure from waterfowl. Lowered water level and corresponding periodic draining of the upper littoral zone in the mid 1990s may have had an additional effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass invasion of non-nativeElodea canadensisMichx. in a large, clear-water, species-rich Norwegian lake – impact on macrophyte biodiversity

Mjelde

Lombardo

Berge

et al. 2012

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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-The impact of Elodea canadensis on aquatic macrophyte biodiversity in (Lake) Steinsfjord has been studied through extensive lake-wide surveys and photographic sampling. E. canadensis greatly expanded in Steinsfjord since its appearance in 1978 and still dominated the macrophyte community in 2004. The areal distribution of E. canadensis peaked within 6 years from invasion and has remained relatively stable since; however, stands no longer reach the water surface. E. canadensis significantly increased its depth range, but the cover-weighted mean depth remained unchanged, suggesting that 3-4 m is its optimal depth in Steinsfjord. Species richness has not changed significantly since the earliest survey in 1936-38. However, species composition has changed remarkably, from isoetid dominance in 1936-38 to a diverse community dominated by Najas flexilis in 1979-80 to a less diverse community dominated by E. canadensis in 2004, with Potamogeton berchtoldii and Myriophyllum alterniflorum as lake-wide subdominants. Regardless of their abundance at the onset of the E. canadensis invasion, taxa whose cover-weighted mean depth overlapped with E. canadensis's in 1979-80 greatly reduced their abundance in 2004, shifted to deeper or shallow water or disappeared from sampling stations. Our survey indicates that E. canadensis may be the reason for the decrease of N. flexilis, likely through depletion of CO 2 in the water column and reduced nutrients in sediments. The abilities to survive and grow in periodically exposed shallow areas, combined with minor herbivory by waterfowl, are likely important factors for the increase of M. alterniflorum in Steinsfjord's shallow waters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass invasion of non-nativeElodea canadensisMichx. in a large, clear-water, species-rich Norwegian lake – impact on macrophyte biodiversity

Mjelde

Lombardo

Berge

et al. 2012

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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“…Shepherd & Womersley (1981), in analysing subtidal algae and seagrass communities, found that the distribution, together with that of the dominant and common species, is related to substrate, degree of water movement and depth. Ordination and factor analysis used in freshwater littoral communities indicated, that depths, bottom type and eutrophication status were primary correlative factors controlling distribution of submersed macrophytes (ColLins et al 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate approaches to the variation in phytobenthic communities and environmental vectors in the Baltic Sea

Kautsky¹,

Maarel²

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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ABSTRACT. Quantitative data on plant and animal distribution, biomass and environmental data from vegetation-covered bottoms in the northern Baltic proper are analyzed with numerical methods used in modern terrestrial vegetation analysis. The classification and matrix-structuring method TABORD and the ordination method detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) are descnbed in some detail. The main alm of these multivariate analyses 1s to correlate environmental factors with detected patterns of species distribution. As the material had already been analyzed by conventional techniques, an evaluat~on of the multivariate methods was poss~ble. They proved to be of good help ~n interpreting large data sets from phytobenthic communities. The analyses stress the importance of depth, bottom type and wave exposure, in order of decreasing importance, as the major factors ruling the observed zonation patterns. In contrast with true marine ecosystems, biotic interactions seem to be of minor importance for the establishment of large-scale zonation of phytobenthos in the Baltic Sea.

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“…Lake George is characteristic with 48 species of primarily submersed types extending over a depth range of 0.5 to 8.0 m (Collins et al, 1987). Until recently thousands of these lakes have been spared the introduction of exotic species such as Myriophyllum spicatum (watermilfoil) from Eurasia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical control of Eurasian watermilfoil in an oligotrophic lake

1996

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The introduction of Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) into oligotrophic waters of high water clarity in temperate zones of North America has produced growth in excess of 6 m depth and yearly biomass approaching 1000 g m -2 dry weight. From its initial observation in Lake George, New York, USA in 1985, by 1993 milfoil had spread to 106 discrete locations within the lake. A 7-year study of one site having no management showed milfoil to grow expansively, suppressing native plant species from 20 in 1987 to 6 in 1993 with the average number of species m -2 quadrat declining from 5.5 in 1987 to less than 2 in 1993. Management of milfoil by means of hand harvesting, suction harvesting and benthic barrier has reduced the number of unmanaged sites from 106 in 1993 to 11. One year post-treatment at sites utilizing suction harvesting, showed a greater number of native species at all sites than pretreatment with a substantial reduction in milfoil biomass. At sites where benthic barrier was removed 1-2 years after installation, milfoil had recolonized 44% of grid squares within 30 days. Ninety days after barrier removal 74% of grid squares contained milfoil and one year later 71% of the grids supported milfoil. During the first year following mat removal, the average number of species m -2 peaked at 4.7 and stabilized at 4.5 during the second year. Hand harvesting by SCUBA in areas of limited milfoil growth (new sites of infestation and sites of former treatment) was found to reduce the number of milfoil plants present in subsequent years. Hand harvesting did not eliminate milfoil at any of the sites and regrowth/colonization necessitated reharvesting every 3 or more years. Results of evaluations of physical plant management techniques indicate that (1) an integrated program utilizing different techniques based on plant density reduced the growth of milfoil and (2) long term commitment to aquatic plant management is necessary since none of the techniques employed singly were found to eliminate milfoil.

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Littoral zone macrophyte community structure: Distribution and association of species along physical gradients in Lake George, New York, U.S.A.

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Mass invasion of non-nativeElodea canadensisMichx. in a large, clear-water, species-rich Norwegian lake – impact on macrophyte biodiversity

Mass invasion of non-nativeElodea canadensisMichx. in a large, clear-water, species-rich Norwegian lake – impact on macrophyte biodiversity

Multivariate approaches to the variation in phytobenthic communities and environmental vectors in the Baltic Sea

Physical control of Eurasian watermilfoil in an oligotrophic lake

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