Multivariate approaches to the variation in phytobenthic communities and environmental vectors in the Baltic Sea

Kautsky, Hans; Maarel, Eddy van der

doi:10.3354/meps060169

Cited by 80 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Regionally, the bivalve can cover 95 to 100% of all suitable substrate, especially if predators are absent (e.g. Kautsky & van der Maarel 1990, Reusch & Chapman 1997. Adult crabs and sea stars, however, consume mussels only to the threshold size of 48 mm shell length, beyond which size refuge is obtained (Sommer et al 1999, Enderlein et al 2003, Laudien & Wahl 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sour times: seawater acidification effects on growth, feeding behaviour and acid–base status of Asterias rubens and Carcinus maenas

Appelhans¹,

Thomsen²,

Pansch³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

100

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The impact of seawater acidification on calcifying organisms varies at the species level. If the impact differs between predator and prey in strength and/or sign, trophic interactions may be altered. In the present study, we investigated the impact of 3 different seawater pCO 2 levels (650, 1250 and 3500 µatm) on the acid -base status or the growth of 2 predatory species, the common sea star Asterias rubens and the shore crab Carcinus maenas, and tested whether the quantity or size of prey consumed is affected. We exposed both the predators and their prey, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, over a time span of 10 wk and subsequently performed feeding experiments. Intermediate acidification levels had no significant effect on growth or consumption in either predator species. The highest acidification level reduced feeding and growth rates in sea stars by 56%, while in crabs a 41% decrease in consumption rates of mussels could be demonstrated over the 10 wk experimental period but not in the subsequent shorter feeding assays.Because only a few crabs moulted in the experiment, acidification effects on crab growth could not be investigated. Active extracellular pH compensation by means of bicarbonate accumulation was observed in C. maenas, whereas the coelomic fluid pH in A. rubens remained uncompensated. Acidification did not provoke a measurable shift in prey size preferred by either predator. Mussels exposed to elevated pCO 2 were preferred by previously untreated A. rubens but not by C. maenas. The observed effects on species interactions were weak even at the high acidification levels expected in the future in marginal marine habitats such as the Baltic Sea. Our results indicate that when stress effects are similar (and weak) on interacting species, biotic interactions may remain unaffected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sour times: seawater acidification effects on growth, feeding behaviour and acid–base status of Asterias rubens and Carcinus maenas

Appelhans¹,

Thomsen²,

Pansch³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

100

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“…On a large scale, e.g. within an archipelago, these benthic communities are mainly structured by the physical factors light, water movement and type of substrate (Kautsky & van der Maarel 1990, Eriksson & Bergström 2005. Several factors determine the light reaching the substrate, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benthic communities in relation to wave exposure and spatial positions on sublittoral boulders in the Baltic Sea

Wallin¹,

Qvarfordt²,

Norling³

et al. 2011

Aquat. Biol.

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Boulders are an important substrate for Baltic Sea benthic communities. Although previous studies have examined benthic species on sublittoral boulders in the Baltic Sea, information on benthic assemblages and how they vary in relation to structuring factors is limited. The aim of the present study was to describe the benthic communities, including both algae and animal taxa, on sublittoral boulders in relation to spatial positions on the boulders (4 levels) and differences in wave exposure (2 levels). The multivariate results, including 29 algae and 25 animal taxa, from the field sampling showed a significant interaction between the 2 main factors. Changes in the biomass of both annual an perennial macroalgae as well as Mytilus edulis and Balanus improvisus, were found among different positions on wave-exposed boulders, a pattern which was less clear on boulders from sheltered sites, showing that water movement influences small-scale spatial patterns on sublittoral boulders. Apart from water movement, the physical factors substrate slope and light intensity were also associated with the small-scale patterns found in benthic communities. The difference in these factors may influence both settlement and post-settlement processes for both algae and animals, and possible mechanisms leading to the patterns found are discussed. KEY WORDS: Spatial patterns · Physical factors · Macroalgae · Mytilus edulis · Balanus improvisusResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher algae and animals on sublittoral boulders (Kautsky 1989, Gilek et al. 2001), but to our knowledge no study has described the community composition or the small-scale patterns of occurrence for the whole macrobenthic community (including both macroalgae and animals) on sublittoral boulders in the Baltic Sea. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to describe the benthic plant and animal community composition, on a small scale, on sublittoral boulders in the Baltic Sea in relation to different positions on boulders and in relation to different degrees of wave exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was carried out in June 2004 in the Askö area, in the northern Baltic proper (Fig. 1). The salinity in this area is relatively constant at around 7. During the winter months the watersurface temperature is ~0°C, while in July to August the temperature may exceed 20°C.On each of 3 wave-exposed (Sites 1 to 3) and 3 sheltered sites (Sites 4 to 6) ( Fig. 1) 3 randomly selected boulders were sampled.All the sites are located in a sparsely populated area. There is no freshwater or sewage water outflow close to any of the sites, and they are homogenous in salinity. The sites were chosen on a marine chart of the area. To determine the degree of wave exposure, a model developed by Isaeus (2004), based on effective fetch, wind direction and wind force, was used. The 3 wave-exposed boulders, which are open to waves from the south (the dominating wind direction), are all homogenous in wave exposure, as are the 3 sheltered s...

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“…Originalmente descrito como un "análisis de especies indicadoras" (Hill et al 1975) fue posteriormente renombrado a "aná-lisis de ordenación dicotomizado" (Hill 1979) con el argumento de que la base de la técnica es la división de ordenaciones y no la selección de especies indicadoras. Sin embargo, al igual que otras técnicas divisivas, la clasificación TWiNSPAN presenta varias limitaciones entre las cuales figuran la imposibilidad de corregir la posición de las unidades mal clasificadas por una selección errónea aleatoria de alguna de las especie preferencial, la influencia de especies raras que se encuentran además en unidades de muestreo con pocas especies (Kautsky & van der Maarel 1990), y sobre todo la dificultad de manejar más de un gradiente ambiental importante (McCune & Grace 2002).…”

Section: Materiales Y Métodosunclassified

Comunidades vegetales de las transiciones terrestre-acuáticas del páramo de Chingaza, Colombia.

Schmidt-Mumm

Ríos

2012

RBT

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Plant communities in the terrestrial-aquatic transition zone in the paramo of Chingaza, Colombia. High Andean paramo ecosystems are an important water resource for many towns, and major cities in this region. The aquatic and wetland vegetation of different paramo lakes, pond, swamps and bogs was studied according to the classical phytosociological approach, which is based on homogenous stands, but excludes any border phenomena or transitional zone. The present research aimed at determining the aquatic and wetland veg-

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Multivariate approaches to the variation in phytobenthic communities and environmental vectors in the Baltic Sea

Cited by 80 publications

References 27 publications

Sour times: seawater acidification effects on growth, feeding behaviour and acid–base status of Asterias rubens and Carcinus maenas

Sour times: seawater acidification effects on growth, feeding behaviour and acid–base status of Asterias rubens and Carcinus maenas

Benthic communities in relation to wave exposure and spatial positions on sublittoral boulders in the Baltic Sea

Comunidades vegetales de las transiciones terrestre-acuáticas del páramo de Chingaza, Colombia.

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