Little Adaptive Potential in a Threatened Passerine Bird

Villemereuil, Pierre de; Rutschmann, Alexis; Lee, Kate D; Ewen, John G.; Brekke, Patricia; Santure, Anna W.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.072

Cited by 60 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…; de Villemereuil et al. ), our results demonstrate the persistence of high V A (W) despite contemporary selection. Significant interactions between genotype and year reflected modest correlations between years of family‐specific breeding values for lifetime fitness, as well as estimates of V A (W) that varied widely across years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Whereas numerous authors invoke relentless selection to explain limited heritability of total fitness, or traits closely related to fitness (Kruuk et al 2000;Coltman et al 2005;McFarlane et al 2014;de Villemereuil et al 2019), our results demonstrate the persistence of high V A (W) despite contemporary selection. Significant interactions between genotype and year reflected modest correlations between years of family-specific breeding values for lifetime fitness, as well as estimates of V A (W) that varied widely across years.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

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Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

et al. 2019

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The immediate capacity for adaptation under current environmental conditions is directly proportional to the additive genetic variance for fitness, VA(W). Mean absolute fitness, trueW¯, is predicted to change at the rate VA(W)normalW¯, according to Fisher's Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection. Despite ample research evaluating degree of local adaptation, direct assessment of VA(W) and the capacity for ongoing adaptation is exceedingly rare. We estimated VA(W) and normalW¯in three pedigreed populations of annual Chamaecrista fasciculata, over three years in the wild. Contrasting with common expectations, we found significant VA(W) in all populations and years, predicting increased mean fitness in subsequent generations (0.83 to 6.12 seeds per individual). Further, we detected two cases predicting “evolutionary rescue,” where selection on standing VA(W) was expected to increase fitness of declining populations (normalW0.28em¯< 1.0) to levels consistent with population sustainability and growth. Within populations, inter‐annual differences in genetic expression of fitness were striking. Significant genotype‐by‐year interactions reflected modest correlations between breeding values across years, indicating temporally variable selection at the genotypic level that could contribute to maintaining VA(W). By directly estimating VA(W) and total lifetime trueW¯, our study presents an experimental approach for studies of adaptive capacity in the wild.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

et al. 2019

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“…With sufficient sample sizes, individual-level relatedness may provide more sensitive detection of recent population collapse than population-level diversity, which can take multiple generations to change appreciably. The remaining genetic diversity in Raso Larks is likely to be of critical importance for their future adaptive potential [10]. This is especially relevant given the vulnerability of Cape Verde to environmental changes such as climate change [50] and the ongoing reintroduction of Raso larks to the nearby island of Santa Luzia, initiated in April 2018.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, demographic history and neo-sex chromosomes in the Critically Endangered Raso lark

et al. 2020

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Small effective population sizes could expose island species to inbreeding and loss of genetic variation. Here, we investigate factors shaping genetic diversity in the Raso lark, which has been restricted to a single islet for approximately 500 years, with a population size of a few hundred. We assembled a reference genome for the related Eurasian skylark and then assessed diversity and demographic history using RAD-seq data (75 samples from Raso larks and two related mainland species). We first identify broad tracts of suppressed recombination in females, indicating enlarged neo-sex chromosomes. We then show that genetic diversity across autosomes in the Raso lark is lower than in its mainland relatives, but inconsistent with long-term persistence at its current population size. Finally, we find that genetic signatures of the recent population contraction are overshadowed by an ancient expansion and persistence of a very large population until the human settlement of Cape Verde. Our findings show how genome-wide approaches to study endangered species can help avoid confounding effects of genome architecture on diversity estimates, and how present-day diversity can be shaped by ancient demographic events.

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“…It was possible, for instance, to reveal a lack of adaptive potential in a threatened New Zealand bird species by combining quantitative genetics with long‐term phenotypic data and fitness proxies (de Villemereuil et al. ). It has further been shown that SDMs lacking quantitative genetics can vastly underestimate species range dynamics, for example, range expansions in Aedes aegypti , the mosquito that transmits dengue virus (Kearney et al.…”

Section: Prediction Models Of Species Responses To Global Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary genomics can improve prediction of species’ responses to climate change

et al. 2020

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Global climate change (GCC) increasingly threatens biodiversity through the loss of species, and the transformation of entire ecosystems. Many species are challenged by the pace of GCC because they might not be able to respond fast enough to changing biotic and abiotic conditions. Species can respond either by shifting their range, or by persisting in their local habitat. If populations persist, they can tolerate climatic changes through phenotypic plasticity, or genetically adapt to changing conditions depending on their genetic variability and census population size to allow for de novo mutations. Otherwise, populations will experience demographic collapses and species may go extinct. Current approaches to predicting species responses to GCC begin to combine ecological and evolutionary information for species distribution modelling. Including an evolutionary dimension will substantially improve species distribution projections which have not accounted for key processes such as dispersal, adaptive genetic change, demography, or species interactions. However, eco-evolutionary models require new data and methods for the estimation of a species' adaptive potential, which have so far only been available for a small number of model species. To represent global biodiversity, we need to devise large-scale data collection strategies to define the ecology and evolutionary potential of a broad range of species, especially of keystone species of ecosystems. We also need standardized and replicable modelling approaches 4 Here, we discuss different genomic approaches that can be used to investigate and predict species responses to GCC. This can serve as guidance for researchers looking for the appropriate experimental setup for their particular system. We furthermore highlight future directions for moving forward in the field and allocating available resources more effectively, to implement mitigation measures before species go extinct and ecosystems lose important functions. K E Y W O R D S : Biodiversity loss, eco-evolutionary dynamics, genomic quantitative genetics, models.

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Little Adaptive Potential in a Threatened Passerine Bird

Cited by 60 publications

References 53 publications

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

Genetic diversity, demographic history and neo-sex chromosomes in the Critically Endangered Raso lark

Evolutionary genomics can improve prediction of species’ responses to climate change

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