Litigation and Subterfuge: Chinese Immigrant Mobilization During the Chinese Exclusion Era

Lu, Alexander

doi:10.1080/02732171003641024

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Legacies of white hostility, race riots, and anti-Asian sentiment prompted discriminatory immigration policies (Lu 2010), gendered labor practices (Espiritu 2008), and degrading media images (Fong-Torres 1995) that shaped, regulated, and continue to influence Asian American masculinities; for example, President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066 interned Japanese Americans. These policies, practices, and images defined Asian American men as criminals, vermin, and sexual contaminants (Shek 2006).…”

Section: Conforming To Hegemonic Masculine Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressful Experiences of Masculinity Among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Men

Wong

2013

Gender & Society

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122

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Explaining how stereotypes and norms influence role-identities during reflected appraisal processes, we develop a theory about diverse groups of minority men—the “minority masculinity stress theory”—and apply it to Asian American men. We conceptually integrate hegemonic masculinity, stereotypes, and mental health to examine how Asian American men experience masculinity and how their experiences are uniquely stressful. We analyze elicited text from an open-ended questionnaire to explain two experiences of masculinity-related stress: trying to live up to the masculine ideal and enacting work-related role-identities. Regarding the former, we discuss four illustrations—toughness, body image, restrictive emotionality, and heterosexuality—and two involving the latter—achiever and provider. We found that Asian American men receive stereotypical reflected appraisals that contradict potentially positive self-concepts and emphasize achievement beyond typical standards of hegemonic masculinity. Moreover, Asian American men’s role-identities contradict hegemonic masculinity, resulting in reflected appraisals that predispose them toward stress.

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Section: Conforming To Hegemonic Masculine Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressful Experiences of Masculinity Among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Men

Wong

2013

Gender & Society

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122

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“…Chinese immigrants formed district associations or "huigans" that sent representatives to the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA, founded in 1883). The CCBA sought to protect Chinese immigrant workers from oppressive immigration laws (Lu, 2007). These efforts found support from members of the Chinese community who had already acquired American citizenship through naturalization, and from some Progressive white U.S. citizens (Zhang, 2019).…”

Section: Immigrant Grassroots Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigrant workers' movements in the U.S.: Where are high‐skilled ‘nonimmigrants’?

Roy

2022

Sociology Compass

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Immigrant workers in the U.S. mobilize through labor unions, worker centers and even autonomously for their rights.But existing literature on immigrant workers' movements mentions only low-wage, low-skilled and undocumented immigrants, who represent the majority of non-citizens in the country. There is no discussion on how high-skilled 'nonimmigrant' workers (or immigrants on temporary work visas) mobilize. A relatively small section of migration literature pays attention to high-skilled nonimmigrants' challenges. But scholars in this group, too, are silent about these workers' organizing capacities. In this critical review, I draw attention to this mutual silence in two groups of literature.I also refer to some empirical instances of mobilization by high-skilled nonimmigrants. I suggest that this is a potential field of research, which may contribute to social movement, migration and labor scholarship. Additionally, it may identify possibilities of solidarity across immigrant groups.

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“…Because of Asian male's emasculation or "castration" and exploitation (Chou et al 2015;Lu 2010), Asian men often do not get equal consideration for romantic relationships. Shiao and Tuan (2008) examine how racial discourses influence romantic preferences for Korean adoptees and how this affects their willingness to date people of a certain race.…”

Section: Asian Male Masculinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Do You Feel Important? A Comparison of White and Asian Americans’ Perception of Their Social Rank

Lamb¹

2019

Preprint

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Asians are often viewed as the “model minority” group for assumptions about their high income and education level. Does this necessarily translate to higher self-esteem, social desirability, and self-perceived social rank for Asians? Building upon literature examining confidence, beauty, masculinity and the “model minority” stereotype, I use the General Social Survey (2016—2018) to study the relationships between attractiveness and perceived social rank for 124 Asian Americans and 3,038 White Americans. The attractiveness data was collected by the GSS rating respondents on their physical attractiveness. Social rank helps examine a general sense of perceived ranking in society that may not be explicitly expressed by socio-economic class. I propose that a high attractiveness rating positively affects the level of self-perceived ranking for Whites but not for Asians. I also control for sex, age, family income and education. The results of the regression support my hypothesis showing a statistically significant relationship between attractiveness and social rank for the White sample but not the Asian sample. However, the strongest predictor of self-perceived social rank was the level of family income. Therefore, the more money someone makes, the higher they self-reported their social rank for both Asians and Whites. Due to the limited sample size of Asians, further research including a larger group of Asian participants should be conducted to study the relationship between attractiveness and social rank.

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Litigation and Subterfuge: Chinese Immigrant Mobilization During the Chinese Exclusion Era

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Stressful Experiences of Masculinity Among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Men

Stressful Experiences of Masculinity Among U.S.-Born and Immigrant Asian American Men

Immigrant workers' movements in the U.S.: Where are high‐skilled ‘nonimmigrants’?

Do You Feel Important? A Comparison of White and Asian Americans’ Perception of Their Social Rank

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