Lithostratigraphy and carbonate microfacies across the Permian–Triassic boundary near Julfa (NW Iran) and in the Baghuk Mountains (Central Iran)

Leda, Lucyna; Korn, Dieter; Ghaderi, Abbas; Hairapetian, Vachik; Struck, Ulrich; Reimold, W. U.

doi:10.1007/s10347-013-0366-0

Cited by 35 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…As in Armenia, in Iranian Azerbaijan and especially in the Kuh-e Ali Bashi area, the Dorashamian (= Changhsingian) is represented by red nodular limestone rich in ammonoids and conodonts but poor in foraminifers Baud, 2008;Leda et al, 2013). That confirms the geographical affinities of Armenia and Azerbaijan, and their assignment to the Perigondwanan border.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Middle-Late Permian (Murgabian-Djulfian) foraminifers of the northern Maku area (western Azerbaijan, Iran

Nejad

Vachard

Siabeghodsy³

et al. 2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Middle-Late Permian (Murgabian-Djulfian) foraminifers of the northern Maku area (western Azerbaijan, Iran

Nejad

Vachard

Siabeghodsy³

et al. 2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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“…This does not, however, exclude local departures from this dynamic equilibrium or depth-related isotope differences, such as those forced by the biological pump (Kump and Arthur, 1999;Rampino and Caldeira, 2005). High carbonate ion concentrations are invoked to explain the advent of (microbial) carbonate sea-floor structures (e.g., thrombolites, stromatolites and fan-shaped structures) in the extinction aftermath and the ensuing Early Triassic recovery phase (Baud et al, 1997;Rampino and Caldeira, 2005;Riding and Liang, 2005;Pruss et al, 2006;Kershaw et al, 2007Kershaw et al, , 2009Leda et al, 2014). While conditions favoured the formation of these structures, poorly buffered calcified metazoans (e.g., brachiopods and corals) were proportionally more affected by the end-Permian mass extinction (Knoll et al, 2007).…”

Section: Background: Permian-triassic Carbonate Carbon Isotope Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second is authigenic carbonate addition, which is regarded to be a process of near-instantaneous precipitation of carbonate crusts at (or close to) the sea floor by microbial mat communities. The latter mechanism would simulate the sea-floor crust formation commonly observed for the P-Tr transition, which is recognized as Contreras et al (2013) a time of unusual carbonate sedimentation; e.g., stromatolites, thrombolites and microbially induced cementation (Baud et al, 1997;Woods et al, 1999;Leda et al, 2014). However, the mechanism directly responsible for this type of biologically induced calcification is ambiguous and might be related to extracellular polymeric substances and the orientation of functional groups on this organic matrix (creating nucleation sites), destruction of organic compounds that inhibit calcification or a direct consequence of metabolism and associated changes in ambient carbonate chemistry (Visscher et al, 2000;Arp et al, 2001;Bundeleva et al, 2014).…”

Section: Bulk-carbonate Carbon Isotope Signal Imprinting and Its Sensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Bulk-carbonate carbon isotope ratios are a widely applied proxy for investigating the ancient biogeochemical carbon cycle. Temporal carbon isotope trends serve as a prime stratigraphic tool, with the inherent assumption that bulk micritic carbonate rock is a faithful geochemical recorder of the isotopic composition of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon. However, bulk-carbonate rock is also prone to incorporate diagenetic signals. The aim of the present study is to disentangle primary trends from diagenetic signals in carbon isotope records which traverse the Permian-Triassic boundary in the marine carbonate-bearing sequences of Iran and South China. By pooling newly produced and published carbon isotope data, we confirm that a global first-order trend towards depleted values exists. However, a large amount of scatter is superimposed on this geochemical record. In addition, we observe a temporal trend in the amplitude of this residual δ 13 C variability, which is reproducible for the two studied regions. We suggest that (sub-)sea-floor microbial communities and their control on calcite nucleation and ambient porewater dissolved inorganic carbon δ 13 C pose a viable mechanism to induce bulk-rock δ 13 C variability. Numerical model calculations highlight that early diagenetic carbonate rock stabilization and linked carbon isotope alteration can be controlled by organic matter supply and subsequent microbial remineralization. A major biotic decline among Late Permian bottom-dwelling organisms facilitated a spatial increase in heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation. Combined with low marine sulfate, this resulted in varying degrees of carbon isotope overprinting. A simulated time series suggests that a 50 % increase in the spatial scatter of organic carbon relative to the average, in addition to an imposed increase in the likelihood of sampling cements formed by microbial calcite nucleation to 1 out of 10 samples, is sufficient to induce the observed signal of carbon isotope variability. These findings put constraints on the application of Permian-Triassic carbon isotope chemostratigraphy based on whole-rock samples, which appears less refined than classical biozonation dating schemes. On the other hand, this signal of increased carbon isotope variability concurrent with the largest mass extinction of the Phanerozoic may proPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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“…1, 2). The Changhsingian (latest Permian) deposits were accumulated on an outer shelf (Leda et al, 2014); they display a continuous succession and contain a considerably rich pelagic fauna consisting of conodonts and cephalopods, allowing for the separation of a number of biozones within this time unit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) Aras Valley (39.0154 • N, 45.4345 • E): this section was described for the first time by Leda et al (2014); it is situated about 19 km WNW of the towns of Dzhulfa and Julfa in a dry small side valley west of the Aras (Araxes) River.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution stratigraphy of the Changhsingian (Late Permian) successions of NW Iran and the Transcaucasus based on lithological features, conodonts and ammonoids

et al. 2014

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Abstract. The Permian-Triassic boundary sections in northwestern Iran belong to the most complete successions, in which the largest mass extinction event in the history of the Earth can be studied. We investigated the Changhsingian stage in six sections in the area of Julfa (Aras Valley) for their lithology, conodonts and ammonoids. Revision of the biostratigraphy led to the separation of 10 conodont zones (from bottom to top Clarkina orientalis-C. subcarinata interval zone, C. subcarinata, C. changxingensis, C. bachmanni,

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Lithostratigraphy and carbonate microfacies across the Permian–Triassic boundary near Julfa (NW Iran) and in the Baghuk Mountains (Central Iran)

Cited by 35 publications

References 61 publications

Middle-Late Permian (Murgabian-Djulfian) foraminifers of the northern Maku area (western Azerbaijan, Iran

Middle-Late Permian (Murgabian-Djulfian) foraminifers of the northern Maku area (western Azerbaijan, Iran

Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

High-resolution stratigraphy of the Changhsingian (Late Permian) successions of NW Iran and the Transcaucasus based on lithological features, conodonts and ammonoids

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