High-resolution stratigraphy of the Changhsingian (Late Permian) successions of NW Iran and the Transcaucasus based on lithological features, conodonts and ammonoids

Ghaderi, Abbas; Leda, Lucyna; Schobben, Martin; Korn, Dieter; Ashouri, Ali Reza

doi:10.5194/fr-17-41-2014

Cited by 32 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…of CaCO 3 (26). In addition, the Permian faunal elements disappear in this unit; therefore the boundary between these units is considered the extinction horizon (ref.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Flourishing ocean drives the end-Permian marine mass extinction

Schobben

Stebbins

Ghaderi

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The end-Permian mass extinction, the most severe biotic crisis in the Phanerozoic, was accompanied by climate change and expansion of oceanic anoxic zones. The partitioning of sulfur among different exogenic reservoirs by biological and physical processes was of importance for this biodiversity crisis, but the exact role of bioessential sulfur in the mass extinction is still unclear. Here we show that globally increased production of organic matter affected the seawater sulfate sulfur and oxygen isotope signature that has been recorded in carbonate rock spanning the Permian−Triassic boundary. A bifurcating temporal trend is observed for the strata spanning the marine mass extinction with carbonate-associated sulfate sulfur and oxygen isotope excursions toward decreased and increased values, respectively. By coupling these results to a box model, we show that increased marine productivity and successive enhanced microbial sulfate reduction is the most likely scenario to explain these temporal trends. The new data demonstrate that worldwide expansion of euxinic and anoxic zones are symptoms of increased biological carbon recycling in the marine realm initiated by global warming. The spatial distribution of sulfidic water column conditions in shallow seafloor environments is dictated by the severity and geographic patterns of nutrient fluxes and serves as an adequate model to explain the scale of the marine biodiversity crisis. Our results provide evidence that the major biodiversity crises in Earth's history do not necessarily implicate an ocean stripped of (most) life but rather the demise of certain eukaryotic organisms, leading to a decline in species richness.sulfur cycle | end-Permian mass extinction | primary productivity

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“…of CaCO 3 (26). In addition, the Permian faunal elements disappear in this unit; therefore the boundary between these units is considered the extinction horizon (ref.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…S1). The Aras Member (26), or "Boundary Clay," and the following limestone unit, belong to the Elikah Formation (Fig. S1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flourishing ocean drives the end-Permian marine mass extinction

Schobben

Stebbins

Ghaderi

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The Ali Bashi Mountains comprise one of the best exposures of the important Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) interval worldwide and work as a standard for the transitional beds in the Tethyan realm. These exposures are known for less than 50 years but became extremely important for the study of the most severe extinction event in the Phanerozoic (Kozur 2005(Kozur , 2007Ghaderi et al 2013Ghaderi et al , 2014aLeda et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permian Calcareous algae from the Khachik Formation at the Ali Bashi Mountains, NW of Iran

et al. 2016

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Micropaleontological investigations on Permian successions in the NW of Iran based on algae led to the determination of taxa belonging to some families such as Ungdarellaceae (Ungdarella uralica), Gymnocodiaceae (Gymnocodium bellerophontis and Permocalculus sp.), D a s y c l a d a l e s ( M i z z i a c f . M . y a b e i ) , a n d s o m e microproblematics (Vermiporella nipponica and Pseudovermiporella sodalica). These investigations are mainly focused on the Khachik Formation at the Ali Bashi Mountains. According to the algal community, a lagoon environment is offered for the studied successions.

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“…However, recent studies (e.g. Korn et al 2014) suggest that the stratigraphical resolution of certain intervals will be refined in the future.…”

Section: Devonian Ammonoid Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the Carboniferous stratigraphic scale, for which a detailed succession of ammonoid genozones and, for some intervals, of the species zones has been developed, zonal stratigraphy is neither substantiated nor accepted for the Permian." Table 12.3 Principal regions important for Permian ammonoid biostratigraphy with selected articles and ammonoid monographs Arctic Canada Nassichuk et al 1965, Nassichuk 1970, 1977 Texas and North Mexico Plummer and Scott 1937, Miller and Furnish 1940a, King and Miller 1944, Spinosa et al 1975 Sicily Gemmellaro 1887, 1888 Crimea Toumansky 1931 Ruzhencev 1951, 1952, Bogoslovskaya 1962Verkhoyan Andrianov 1966, 1985 Pamirs (Tajikistan) Toumansky 1963, Ruzhencev 1978, Leonova and Dmitriev 1989, Leven et al 1992 South China Zhao and Zheng 1977, Zhao et al 1978, Liang 1981, Zhou 1987b, a, Sheng 1988Transcaucasus Ruzhencev 1959, Shevyrev 1965, Teichert et al 1973, Ghaderi et al 2014 Central Iran Bando 1979Timor Haniel 1915, Smith 1927, Gerth 1950 Western Australia Glenister and Furnish 1961 Fig. 12.9 Correlation of ammonoid zonations of the Permian, after Leonova (2011), Bogoslovskaya et al (1999) and Jin et al (1997) In total, only a maximum of about 20 units defined by ammonoids can be separated; a zonation for the Middle Permian (Guadalupian) stages has not been established (Figs.…”

Section: Permian Ammonoid Biostratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%