Lithosphere–asthenosphere interaction at the Southeastern Carpathian Arc bend: Implications for anisotropy

Upper mantle deformation signatures of craton–orogen interaction in the Carpathian–Pannonian region from SKS anisotropy analysis

“…Martin et al, 2006;Ren et al, 2012;Baron and Morelli, 2017), associated with either a downward sinking slab in the final stage of break-off (Wortel and Spakman, 2000;Sperner et al, 2001), an actively delaminating mantle lithospheric fragment (Gîrbacea and Frisch, 1998;Fillerup et al, 2010), or drip-like gravitational instability of the mantle-lithosphere (Lorinczi and Houseman, 2009). Our measurements of NE-SW φ directions corroborate previous studies (Ivan et al, 2008;Popa et al, 2008). While some cross-sections through regional tomography models appear to show the seismically fast Vrancea slab connected to the NE with a similarly high-speed region (Wortel and Spakman, 2000;Bijwaard and Spakman, 2000), indicative of a delamination model, the finite-frequency P-wave tomography of Ren et al (2012) shows a shallow (∼200 km) tongue of fast material connected to the Moesian Platform to the SW, forming an axisymmetric anomaly at depths below the active seismicity.…”

Interaction of mantle dynamics, crustal tectonics, and surface processes in the topography of the Romanian Carpathians: A geomorphological approach

“…Here, uplift happened after Miocene collision up to the Quaternary (Sanders et al, 2002;Maţenco et al, 2010;Merten et al, 2010). In correspondence with the Transylvanian basin, tomographic investigations locate a lowvelocity anomaly (Wortel and Spakman, 2000;Martin et al, 2006;Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2008) that has been interpreted as upwelling of hot asthenospheric material (Popa et al, 2008;Seghedi et al, 2011).…”

“…A) DEM generated from a 10 km filter. At this wavelength, the main ridges, basins, and tectonic structures are evident and the synthetic divide is almost coincident with the actual divide: exceptions are relative to rivers that cut across the highest elevation line; B) DEM of the topography generated from a 50 km filter: the southern and eastern Carpathians are separated by a more depressed Bend Zone; C) DEM of topography generated from a 100 km filter: two highest peaks are located in the loci of the Miocene-Quaternary volcanic activity (Calimani and Persani Mountains); D) DEM of topography generated from a 150 km filter showing the highest standing topography associated with the location of mantle upwelling centred in the Transylvanian basin (Konečný et al, 2002;Seghedi et al, 2005;Martin et al, 2006;Harangi and Lenkey, 2007;Popa et al, 2008;Seghedi et al, 2011). (Murgeanu et al, 1966).…”

Isolating Lithologic Versus Tectonic Signals of River Profiles to Test Orogenic Models for the Eastern and Southeastern Carpathians

“…These differential vertical motions are thought to be related to an asthenospheric circuit driven by the sinking Vrancea slab, still (barely) attached to the overlying lithosphere in the final stages of slab detachment (Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2012;Martin & Wenzel, 2006;Mațenco et al, 2016). The post-8 Ma tectonic structures of the SEC, deformation along thick skinned reverse faults and the larger underlying mantle circuit, are presently active, as demonstrated by the large intermediate mantle (70-220 km) seismicity of the Vrancea slab, the moderate seismicity of the overlying crust (Bocin et al, 2009;Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2012;Oncescu & Bonjer, 1997;Radulian et al, 2000), and GPS movements reaching up to 7 mm/yr (Schmitt et al, 2007;van der Hoeven et al, 2005), together with interpretations from studies of the mantle structure, anisotropy and attenuation (Bokelmann & Rodler, 2014;Ivan, 2007;Martin & Wenzel, 2006;Popa et al, 2005Popa et al, , 2008Popa et al, , 2008Russo et al, 2005).…”

“…attached to the overlying lithosphere in the final stages of slab detachment (Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2012;Martin & Wenzel, 2006;Mat , enco et al, 2016 (Bocin et al, 2009;Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2012;Oncescu & Bonjer, 1997;Radulian et al, 2000), and GPS movements reaching up to 7 mm/yr (Schmitt et al, 2007;van der Hoeven et al, 2005), together with interpretations from studies of the mantle structure, anisotropy and attenuation (Bokelmann & Rodler, 2014;Ivan, 2007;Martin & Wenzel, 2006;Popa et al, , 2008Russo et al, 2005).…”