Lithology-dependent minimum horizontal stress and in-situ stress estimate

Zhang, Yushuai; Zhang, Jincai

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2017.03.002

Cited by 85 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In fact, Eq. (4) is the equation of the minimum value of the minimum stress derived from a uniaxial strain condition (Zhang and Zhang 2017). However, in the industry applications apparent Poisson's ratios can be used for simplification in different rocks to calculate fracture gradients, e.g., using m = 0.…”

Section: Eaton's Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture gradient prediction: an overview and an improved method

Zhang

Yin

2017

Pet. Sci.

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The fracture gradient is a critical parameter for drilling mud weight design in the energy industry. A new method in fracture gradient prediction is proposed based on analyzing worldwide leak-off test (LOT) data in offshore drilling. Current fracture gradient prediction methods are also reviewed and compared to the proposed method. We analyze more than 200 LOT data in several offshore petroleum basins and find that the fracture gradient depends not only on the overburden stress and pore pressure, but also on the depth. The data indicate that the effective stress coefficient is higher at a shallower depth than that at a deeper depth in the shale formations. Based on this finding, a depth-dependent effective stress coefficient is proposed and applied for fracture gradient prediction. In some petroleum basins, many wells need to be drilled through long sections of salt formations to reach hydrocarbon reservoirs. The fracture gradient in salt formations is very different from that in other sedimentary rocks. Leak-off test data in the salt formations are investigated, and a fracture gradient prediction method is proposed. Case applications are examined to compare different fracture gradient methods and validate the proposed methods. The reasons why the LOT value is higher than its overburden gradient are also explained.

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Section: Eaton's Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fracture gradient prediction: an overview and an improved method

Zhang

Yin

2017

Pet. Sci.

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“…Balanced geological cross‐section uses the area conservation method to calculate slip surface depth and shortening (Ding et al, 2012; Zhang & Zhang, 2017). There are two main methods for balance recovery: (a) Equal area method: this method is suitable for some cases where the thickness of the formation changes due to the traditional strain action.…”

Section: Tectonic Evolution Of the Upper Palaeozoicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic evolution and gas control analysis of the Upper Palaeozoic tight sandstone reservoirs in the Linxing area of the eastern Ordos Basin

et al. 2020

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Low‐amplitude structures and volcanic intrusion diapir structures are developed in the Upper Palaeozoic in the LX (Linxing) area, eastern Ordos Basin, China. However, the tectonic evolution of this area and its gas control effect were not clear. In this article, taking the LX area, eastern Ordos Basin as an example, the tectonic evolution and palaeostructure of the Upper Palaeozoic were restored using a large number of drilling, logging, and seismic data. The acoustic wave time difference method was used to calculate the denudation thickness of the unconformity surface (T3y‐Q, Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation‐Quaternary). The calculated results showed that the denudation thicknesses mainly range between 1,000 and 2,500 m. The tectonic evolution model of the Upper Palaeozoic strata since the end of the Triassic period was established using the balanced cross‐section technique, and the palaeo‐tectonic pattern of the target layer in the early stage of the Early‐Cretaceous epoch was restored. The strong buckling tectonic activities of the Zijinshan Pluton provided the main driving force for the deformation of the Upper Palaeozoic rock mass. Finally, the coupling relationship between the ancient and current structural patterns of the target layer, and the distribution of commercial gas wells was compared. The results show that high parts of the palaeo‐tectonic structures are favourable places for the large‐scale accumulation of tight sandstone gas, and the current structure plays a certain role in adjusting the distribution of tight sandstone gas.

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“…9). High minimum horizontal stress can be expressed by equation (2) according to Zhang Y and Zhang J (2017). A high Poisson's Ratio is associated with high minimum horizontal stress under formation condition:…”

Section: Mechanical Principles Of the Differential Fracture Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological Controls on High Production of Tight Sandstone Gas in Linxing Block, Eastern Ordos Basin, China

Meng

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Tight sandstone gas in the Linxing Block, eastern Ordos Basin, has been successfully exploited. The high performance is mainly a result of the special geological conditions. The key geological controls for high production have been discussed on the basis of seismic data, field observation, sample features, mercury porosimetry, mechanical properties, and basin modeling. Firstly, the coal measures have good gas generation potential, not only because of the existence of coalbeds and organic‐rich shales, but also because coal laminae and microbial mats in the shales significantly increase their total organic carbon (TOC) contents. Secondly, except for the uplifted zone of the Zijinshan complex and the eastern fault zone, rare large faults develop in the Carboniferous–Permian sequence, ensuing the sealing capacity of cap rock. Small fractures generally concentrated in the sandstones rather than the mudstones. Thirdly, gas accumulation in the Linxing Block was controlled by the tectonic, burial and thermal histories. Gas accumulation in the Linxing Block started in the Late Triassic, followed by three short pauses of thermal maturation caused by relatively small uplifts; the maximum hydrocarbon generation period is the Early Cetaceous as a combined result of regional and magmatic thermal metamorphisms. Field profiles show abundant fractures in sandstone beds but rare fractures in mudstone beds. Mechanical properties, determined by lithostratigraphy, confine the fractures in the sandstones, increasing the permeability of sandstone reservoirs and retaining the sealing capacity of the mudstone cap rocks. The modern ground stress conditions favor the opening of predominant natural fractures in the NNW–SSE and N–S directions. These conclusions are useful for exploring the potential tight sandstone gas field.

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Lithology-dependent minimum horizontal stress and in-situ stress estimate

Cited by 85 publications

References 41 publications

Fracture gradient prediction: an overview and an improved method

Fracture gradient prediction: an overview and an improved method

Tectonic evolution and gas control analysis of the Upper Palaeozoic tight sandstone reservoirs in the Linxing area of the eastern Ordos Basin

Geological Controls on High Production of Tight Sandstone Gas in Linxing Block, Eastern Ordos Basin, China

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