Lithium‐Metal Anodes Working at 60 mA cm⁻² and 60 mAh cm⁻² through Nanoscale Lithium‐Ion Adsorbing

Abstract

Achieving high-current-density and high-areacapacity operation of Li metal anodes offers promising opportunities for high-performing next-generation batteries. However, high-rate Li deposition suffers from undesired Liion depletion especially at the electrolyte-anode interface, which compromises achievable capacity and lifetime. Here, electronegative graphene quantum dots are synthesized and assembled into an ultra-thin overlayer capable of efficient Liion adsorbing at the nanoscale on Li-metal to fully relieve Liion depletion. The protected Li anode achieves long-term reversible Li plating/stripping over 1000 h at both superior current density of 60 mA cm À2 and areal capacity of 60 mAh cm À2 . Implementation of the protected anode allows for the construction of Li-air full battery with both enhanced rate capability and cycling performance.

Synergizing Conformal Lithiophilic Granule and Dealloyed Porous Skeleton toward Pragmatic Li Metal Anodes

“…CE performance was first examined in the half-cell configuration assembled by pairing the routine Li metal with D-Cu@CuSe, while B-Cu-and D-Cu-based half cells were also constructed for comparison. [37][38][39] It is interesting to note that an apparent discharge platform can be observed at %0.8 V (vs. Li/Li þ ) during the initial electrochemical activation process (Figure S9, Supporting Information). Correspondingly, the characteristic peaks assigned to Li 2 Se in the XRD pattern further verify the in situ generation of the Li 2 Se protective layer (Figure S10, Supporting Information).…”

Regulating Interfacial Lithium Ion by Artificial Protective Overlayers for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Anodes

“…In this regard, we synthesized zero-dimensional quantum-sized graphene dots and then constructed an ultrathin Li + adsorbing layer (LAL) on Li metal surface (Figure 6c, d). [68] The graphene quantum dots exhibited typical sizes of 3-5 nm, and they were comprised of nanocrystalline carbon cores with surface polar functional groups (e. g., À OH, À NH 2 , C=O/C=N, and C=S). This unique quantum-sized graphene dots could localize the sp 2electrons that induced attraction forces toward Li + .…”

“…e) Schematic of the preparation process and design rationale of the graphene quantum dot building blocks for the LAL. Reproduced with permission [68] . Copyright 2021, Wiley‐VCH.…”

“…Reducing the size of carbonaceous building blocks for protective overlayers demonstrates an effective strategy to enhance the Li + diffusion and homogenize Li + distribution. In this regard, we synthesized zero‐dimensional quantum‐sized graphene dots and then constructed an ultrathin Li + adsorbing layer (LAL) on Li metal surface (Figure 6c, d) [68] . The graphene quantum dots exhibited typical sizes of 3‐5 nm, and they were comprised of nanocrystalline carbon cores with surface polar functional groups (e. g., −OH, −NH 2 , C=O/C=N, and C=S).…”

Revisiting the Role of Physical Confinement and Chemical Regulation of 3D Hosts for Dendrite-Free Li Metal Anode

“…Yang et al [ 33 ] reported that 2D MnZnO nanosheets/CNF infused with molten Li maintained 40 h at 50 mA cm −2 and 10 mAh cm −2 . Nevertheless, the modified Li anodes with high areal capacities (> 10 mAh cm −2 ) can only be performed (< 1000 h) at limited current densities (< 10 mA cm −2 ) [ 53 – 55 ]. Therefore, a rational design of lithiophilic material remains unclear for protecting Li metal anode toward practical application (especially at ultrahigh current density and areal capacity).…”