“…Bi 2 Te 3 and its derivatives are a prime test bed for new materials synthesis and preparation methods, which directly or indirectly govern the type, amount, morphology, and topology of defect. While defects can be implemented in Bi 2 Te 3 by substitutional doping [3,4], ball milling [5], exfoliation [6], intercalation [7], and texturation [8], there generally lacks a one-to-one correspondence between a specific implementation procedure, a specific type of defect, and the impact on a specific TE property. More importantly, all three TE properties are inherently inter-dependent.…”