Lithium Insertion into TiO[sub 2] Nanotube Prepared by the Hydrothermal Process

Abstract

A TiO 2 nanotube was prepared by a hydrothermal process. Transmission electron microscope tests showed that the products are uniform straight hollow tubes with the diam around 8 nm and the length over 300 nm. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that the nanotubes crystallized in anatase TiO 2 . Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charging and discharging tests showed that lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation occured reversibly in the TiO 2 nanotube electrode, and a high capacity can be obtained. Electrochemical impedance spectra show that Li ϩ ion intercalation occurs below 2.2 V. Around the 1.7 V plateau, the total electrochemical resistance reached a minimum.

Protonated Titanates and TiO2 Nanostructured Materials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

“…The nature of Li x TiO 2 intercalate is unclear (e.g., oxidative state of Ti of Li) but it is suggested that lithium atoms accommodate positions of ion-exchanged protons in titanate nanostructures or channels in TiO 2 -B nanofibers. [100,101] Recent studies [39,100,102] on the use of TiO 2 nanotubular anodes in a lithium battery demonstrate an initial 282 mA h g -1 discharge capacity at a specific current density of 0.24 mA g -1 . This corresponds to x = 0.98 in Equation 3, which is larger then the value of ca.…”

Atomic scale characterization and surface chemistry of metal modified titanate nanotubes and nanowires

“…1 week or agitating the system to eliminate diffusion limitations. Layered anisotropic titanate nanostructures can be prepared from a broad range of TiO 2 sources [10][11][12] and using different compositions, bases [13][14][15], reaction times, temperatures and post-synthetic treatments. Changing the recipe allows fine-tuning the properties of the product mixture (e.g.…”

Polygonal model for layered inorganic nanotubes

“…24 TiO 2 nanotubes have been used as hydrogen sensors, 25 dye sensitized solar cells, 26 and have displayed photoluminescence properties. 27 Many inorganic layered nanotubes have shown the ability to intercalate lithium, hydrogen, and magnesium, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] indicating potential as energy storage materials.…”