Lithium deposits from the T-10 tokamak after experiments with lithium capillary-porous system

Budaev, V. P.; Khimchenko, L. N.; Fedorovich, S. D.; Grashin, S.A.; Лубенченко, А. В.; Oost, G. Van; Karpov, A. V.; Rogozin, K. A.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1370/1/012046

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Figures 1 and 2. The structures demonstrate a hierarchical granularity over scales of~0.5-500 microns [20,21]. This granularity is similar to the structure of hydrocarbon deposits such as cauliflower-like previously observed in tokamaks and plasma devices [3,5] under specific high-temperature plasma [26] impact.…”

Section: Experimental Samplessupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Under the steady-state plasma load in PLM device, lithium, carbon, oxygen from exposed samples enter the plasma volume as was detected by plasma diagnostics [20]. Subsequent reactions of these chemical elements into the plasma volume and their deposition on the surface lead to new surface structures.…”

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental conditions and samples from the T-10 tokamak and PLM plasma device are described in [20,21]. The deposited specimens as thick layers of~0.5-2 mm thickness of irregular shape are collected on in-vessel components of the T-10 tokamak.…”

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porous and roughen irregular surface of lithium deposits were detected by the post-mortem scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (see details in [20,21]) supposing the interaction of lithium with carbon and oxygen impurities in the plasma and on the vessel surface.…”

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lithium specimens from the T-10 tokamak were subsequently irradiated with plasma in PLM linear plasma device [24,25]. The samples were irradiated with helium plasma of discharge duration up to 200 min with plasma parameters identical to edge plasma in a tokamak (see details of these experiments in [20,21]).…”

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic characterization of composite lithium materials irradiated with high-temperature plasma

Budaev

Fedorovich

Лубенченко

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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High-temperature plasma irradiation of materials leads to significant modification of surface structure, growth of deposited composite films and surface layers with induced self-similar granularity on the scale from macroscales to nanoscale due to strong plasma-surface interaction. The aim of this study was to characterize lithium materials irradiated with high-temperature plasma in the T-10 tokamak and PLM device. The reactivity of lithium leads to reactions with impurities in the plasma and on the vessel. Post-mortem analyses by the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and X-ray analysis have been used to identify deposits composition and morphology. Lithium carbonate composites have been detected by analysis demonstrating materials mixing and evidence of plasmainduced structure. New structures with the high specific surface area of hierarchical granular are registered. The reference industrial powder of lithium carbonate irradiated with steady-state plasma in the PLM device has acquired a new similar structure demonstrating universal influence of plasma on the structure of irradiated materials.

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Section: Experimental Samplessupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Spectroscopic characterization of composite lithium materials irradiated with high-temperature plasma

Budaev

Fedorovich

Лубенченко

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Scale Symmetry of Stochastic Surface Clustering under Plasma Influence in Fusion Devices

Budaev

2021

Symmetry

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Titanium, tungsten, carbon, lithium, and beryllium surface structure were analyzed after plasma irradiation in fusion devices. Exceptional extreme high-temperature plasma load in fusion devices leads to specific surface clustering. It is strictly different from any other conditions of material’s clustering. The hierarchical granularity with cauliflower-like shape and surface self-similarity have been observed. Height’s distribution is deviated from the Gaussian function. The relief roughness differs qualitatively from the ordinary Brownian surface and from clustering under other conditions. In fusion devices, the specific conditions regulate material surface clustering faced to plasma. Ions and clusters melt on the surface and move under the effect of stochastic electromagnetic field driven by the near-wall turbulent plasma. In such a process, long-term correlations lead to the growth of surface with a self-similar structure. The multiscale synergistic effects influence the self-similarity–fractal growth from nanometers to millimeters. Experimental results illustrate universality of stochastic clustering of materials irradiated with plasma in fusion devices.

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Comparative Analysis of Spectroscopic Studies of Tungsten and Carbon Deposits on Plasma-Facing Components in Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors

2023

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Studies on the erosion products of tungsten plasma-facing components (films, surfaces, and dust) for thermonuclear fusion reactors by spectroscopic methods are considered and compared with those of carbon deposits. The latter includes: carbon–deuterium CDx (x ~ 0.5) smooth films deposited at the vacuum chamber during the erosion of the graphite limiters in the T-10 tokamak and mixed CHx-Me films (Me = W, Fe, etc.) formed by irradiating a tungsten target with an intense H-plasma flux in a QSPA-T plasma accelerator. It is shown that the formerly developed technique for studying CDx films with 15 methods, including spectroscopic methods, such as XPS, TDS, EPR, Raman, and FT-IR, is universal and can be supplemented by a number of new methods for tungsten materials, including in situ analysis of the MAPP type using XPS, SEM, TEM, and probe methods, and nuclear reaction method. In addition, the analysis of the fractality of the CDx films using SAXS + WAXS is compared with the analysis of the fractal structures formed on tungsten and carbon surfaces under the action of high-intensity plasma fluxes. A comparative analysis of spectroscopic studies on carbon and tungsten deposits makes it possible to identify the problems of the safe operation of thermonuclear fusion reactors.

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Lithium deposits from the T-10 tokamak after experiments with lithium capillary-porous system

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Spectroscopic characterization of composite lithium materials irradiated with high-temperature plasma

Spectroscopic characterization of composite lithium materials irradiated with high-temperature plasma

Scale Symmetry of Stochastic Surface Clustering under Plasma Influence in Fusion Devices

Comparative Analysis of Spectroscopic Studies of Tungsten and Carbon Deposits on Plasma-Facing Components in Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors

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