Lithium and boron isotope effects in extraction systems

Demin, S. V.; Zhilov, V. I.; Tsivadze, А. Yu.

doi:10.1134/s0036023615050046

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…According to the literature data, the blank extraction of lithium chloride by chloroform [ 20 ] does not exceed 0.3 mg/L; i.e., it is negligible. We estimated the blank extraction of LiCl and LiNTf 2 by ionic liquid [C8mim][NTf 2 ] ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extraction of lithium chloride by B15C5 when using chloroform as an organic solvent was observed only at LiCl concentrations higher than 8 mol/L ( Figure 2 ); extraction isotherm of LiCl had a sharp S-shape for different B15C5 concentrations [ 20 ]. Replacing chloroform as the organic solvent with an ionic liquid [C8mim][NTf 2 ] in the extraction of LiCl by B15C5 (0.5 mol/L) solution substantially increased lithium extraction in the initial isotherm region ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Lithium-Extraction Systems Based on Benzo-15-Crown-5 Ether and Alkylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid

et al. 2023

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The extraction of lithium from aqueous solutions of LiNTf2 and LiCl salts using benzo-15-crown-5 ether (B15C5) as an extractant in [C8mim][NTf2] ionic liquid was studied. The transition of the extractant into the aqueous phase and the distribution of Cl− ions during lithium extraction from LiCl solutions were determined. LiNTf2 complexes with B15C5 with different LiNTf2:B15C5 ratios were isolated for the first time and characterized via X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Differences in the extraction process of LiCl and LiNTf2 were determined via an infrared spectroscopic study of the extraction systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Lithium-Extraction Systems Based on Benzo-15-Crown-5 Ether and Alkylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid

et al. 2023

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“…A few preliminary studies on the boron isotope separation based on the SX of boric acid have been reported. The separation factor largely depends on the extractants selected: isoamyl alcohol yielded a value of 1.0027, tributyl phosphate gave a value of 1.0067, but trioctyl amine produced separation factors in the range of 1.02–1.04, − which is comparable to the separation factor of the industrialized chemical-exchange rectification. In the solvent extraction, the 10 B-containing boric acid is more affinitive to extractants and hence 10 B is enriched in the loaded organic phase; accordingly, 11 B is enriched in the raffinate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Process Modeling of Boron Isotopes Separation by Cross-Current and Counter-Current Solvent Extraction

Tan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Boron has two stable isotopes, namely, 10 B and 11 B, which play important roles in the nuclear industry due to their excellent neutron absorption ( 10 B) and neutron transmission ( 11 B) properties, respectively. Nevertheless, the separation of the two isotopes is extremely difficult because of their very similar chemical properties. The traditional separation method based on the chemical-exchange rectification of BF 3 and ethers is highly corrosive and requires expensive equipment. The separation based on solvent extraction (SX) of boric acid is potentially a greener alternative. Here we present the process modeling of SX separation of boron isotopes. The effects of separation factor, extraction ratio, and extraction stages on the purity and yield of boron isotopes have been discussed in detail. In the cross-current SX, the enrichment of isotopes increases linearly with increasing extraction stages, while the yield decreases exponentially, consequently the separation of the isotopes is not possible. In the counter-current SX, the enrichment of the isotope increases with increasing extraction stages, and the yield is ≥1 − E Y (E Y is the extraction ratio of the less extractable isotope). Assuming the separation factor β = 1.02, 11 B and 10 B can be enriched to be ≥95% in about 200 and 500 extraction stages, respectively. The higher the separation factor, the faster enrichment and the higher yield. Therefore, future research should focus on increasing the separation factor and on the precise control of hundreds of extraction stages.

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“…Compared with materials reported, the COFs based on calix [4]arene first introduced calixarene and framework structures into lithium isotope separation, which shows excellent separation performance (Figure 3g and Table S7). 2,4,10,33,37,38 To further understand the thermodynamic processes related to isotopic exchange, the plot of ln α versus 1/T (Figure S22) was obtained and the values of ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 were calculated from the slope and intercept of fitted lines. The thermodynamics parameters are summarized in Table S8.…”

Section: Lithium Ion Adsorption and Lithium Isotope Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calix[4]arene-Decorated Covalent Organic Framework Conjugates for Lithium Isotope Separation

Liu

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Lithium isotope separation has attracted extensive interest due to its important role in fusion and fission reactions. Up to now, it is still a great challenge to separate lithium isotopes (6Li and 7Li) in an efficient manner due to the low capture ability for lithium ions of related materials and highly similar physicochemical properties between lithium isotopes. In this work, three calix[4]arene-decorated crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with wave-like extension and AA-stacking configuration were designed and utilized for lithium adsorption and its isotope separation. Experimental studies show that these COFs exhibit an outstanding lithium adsorption capacity up to 94.66 mg·g–1, which is about 2 times beyond that of adsorbents reported in the literature. The high adsorption capacity of COFs could be attributed to the abundant adsorption sites from calix[4]arene unit. More importantly, this study demonstrates for the first time that calixarene groups can separate lithium isotopes with an excellent separation factor up to 1.053 ± 0.002, comparable to the most successful solid-phase lithium separation adsorbent. The calculation based on density functional theory showed that calixarene played an important role in the lithium adsorption. Interestingly, the lithium isotope separation performance is mainly affected by the amine bridging units. This work demonstrated that calixarene COFs are promising adsorbents for lithium isotope separation.

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Lithium and boron isotope effects in extraction systems

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Study of Lithium-Extraction Systems Based on Benzo-15-Crown-5 Ether and Alkylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid

Study of Lithium-Extraction Systems Based on Benzo-15-Crown-5 Ether and Alkylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid

Process Modeling of Boron Isotopes Separation by Cross-Current and Counter-Current Solvent Extraction

Calix[4]arene-Decorated Covalent Organic Framework Conjugates for Lithium Isotope Separation

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