Lisboa, Metrópole policêntrica e fragmentada

Abstract

TRENDS OF POLICENTRISM AND FRAGMENTATION IN LISBON - In this paper, we study the transformations of the spatial organisation of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The main focus is on the present restructuring dominated by three main processes. Firstly descentralisation of housing and economic activities, secondly development of new centralities, high status areas with very good accessibility and great attractivity, mainly occupied by office buildings or mixed-used developments (offices, retail, hotel, luxury apartments) in the inner city or close to new suburban highways; and, finally, selective gentrification and re-use of the central city, either by high income housing or modern services.The evolution outlined can achieve the replacement of a strong centralised metropolis with uequal distribution of employment and services between metropolitan core and suburban rings by a new multicentered structure. This evolution goes along with the transmition from the industrial to the post-industrial city that brings fragmentation of the socio-spatial structure with a juxtaposition of territories. In the economic sense the city loses its functional unity made of interdependent spacialised territories. In the social sense this reflects the rise in the number and differentiation due to the increase of opportunities and choices once the position in the labor market is no more sufficient to define social position and people look for and build their identification through goods, places and their symbols.

La ville dans la ville : sur la densité relationnelle d’un espace public à Lisbonne

“…Ce changement commence par une intensité urbaine qui ne résiste pas à la décentralisation de la ville s'effectuant progressivement au cours de la deuxième moitié du siècle dernier (Gaspar 1976;Silva 1994;Ferreira 1994;Salgueiro 1997Salgueiro , 2001. Les trois places sont ainsi emportées dans un mouvement de déclin puis de récupération qui affecte toute la zone du centre historique.…”

Gentrification, residential ethnicization and the social production of fragmented space in two multi-ethnic neighbourhoods of Lisbon and Bilbao

“…the establishment of the previous analytical groups allowed isolating empirically some of the aspects -the ethnic capital, the socioeconomic profile, the level of education, and the degree of neighbourhood attachment -that are hypothesized to act as conditions for the social and spatial dynamics that guide the establishment of social networks in post-modern and fragmented contemporary urban spaces. the following section will lay its attention on the social and spatial characteristics of these individuals' social networks, analysed under the scope of the (post-modern and) fragmented city thesis (Barata salgueiro, 1997(Barata salgueiro, , 1998(Barata salgueiro, , 1999.…”

Del derecho al consumo al derecho a la ciudad: contradicciones y convergencias

“…Tal proceso, señalamos, tiene como expresión la pérdida de unidad funcional de la ciudad (Salgueiro, 1997); y en él, el logro del derecho a la ciudad aparece como único camino posible para recuperar los sentidos más amplios de la ciudadanía, vinculados a su origen urbano, esto es, en tanto pertenencia a la ciudad.…”