Liquid‐phase oxidation accompanied by skeletal rearrangement of acetophenone and acetone by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of selenium dioxide

Shah, Kamlesh; Chandalia, Sampatraj B.

doi:10.1002/jctb.280570408

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Aliphatic aldehydes undergo oxidation to carboxylic acids substantially faster than aromatic ones and carboxylic acids were produced in 80%–100% yield (Scheme 14) [110]. Treatment of acetophenone and acetone with hydrogen peroxide in tertiary butanol with selenium dioxide as catalyst gave phenylacetic acid and propionic acid with selectivities of 80% and 97%, respectively [111].…”

Section: Selenium(iv) Oxide and Selenic(iv) Acid As Oxidizing Agenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in Synthetic Application of Selenium(IV) Oxide and Organoselenium Compounds as Oxygen Donors and Oxygen-Transfer Agents

2015

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A variety of selenium compounds were proven to be useful reagents and catalysts for organic synthesis over the past several decades. The most interesting aspect, which emerged in recent years, concerns application of hydroperoxide/selenium(IV) oxide and hydroperoxide/organoselenium catalyst systems, as "green reagents" for the oxidation of different organic functional groups. The topic of oxidations catalyzed by organoselenium derivatives has rapidly expanded in the last fifteen years This paper is devoted to the synthetic applications of the oxidation reactions mediated by selenium compounds such as selenium(IV) oxide, areneseleninic acids, their anhydrides, selenides, diselenides, benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-ones and other less often used other organoselenium compounds. All these compounds have been successfully applied for various oxidations useful in practical organic syntheses such as epoxidation, 1,2-dihydroxylation, and α-oxyfunctionalization of alkenes, as well as for ring contraction of cycloalkanones, conversion of halomethyl, hydroxymethyl or active methylene groups into formyl groups, oxidation of carbonyl compounds into carboxylic acids and/or lactones, sulfides into sulfoxides, and secondary amines into nitrones and regeneration of parent carbonyl compounds from their azomethine derivatives. Other reactions such as dehydrogenation and aromatization, active carbon-carbon bond cleavage, oxidative amidation, bromolactonization and oxidation of bromide for subsequent reactions with alkenes are also successfully mediated by selenium (IV) oxide or organoselenium compounds. The oxidation mechanisms of ionic or free radical character depending on the substrate and oxidant are discussed. Coverage of the literature up to early OPEN ACCESSMolecules 2015, 20 10206 2015 is provided. Links have been made to reviews that summarize earlier literature and to the methods of preparation of organoselenium reagents and catalysts.

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Section: Selenium(iv) Oxide and Selenic(iv) Acid As Oxidizing Agenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in Synthetic Application of Selenium(IV) Oxide and Organoselenium Compounds as Oxygen Donors and Oxygen-Transfer Agents

2015

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Selenium‐Promoted Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Reactions and Mechanisms

et al. 2003

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Oxidation reactions are fundamental processes widely applied in organic synthesis. Elemental selenium and more often its compounds have been successfully used as stoichiometric reagents and catalysts for oxidation of different organic substrates. Selenium(IV) oxide, areneseleninic acids and their anhydrides are widely used as stoichiometric oxidants or as oxygen‐transfer agents for oxygen donors, particularly hydrogen peroxide and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide. Organic diselenides (the precursors of seleninic acids) have been used as oxidation catalysts while dimethyl and diphenyl selenoxides are stoichiometric oxidants. Selenenamides, such as 2‐phenyl‐1,2‐benzisoselenazol‐3(2H)‐one (ebselen) and its analogues, known as glutathione peroxidase mimics acting via active hydroperoxide intermediates, are efficient and selective oxidation catalysts. Selenium(IV) oxide and some organoselenium compounds have been successfully applied for various oxidations useful in practical organic syntheses such as epoxidation, 1,2‐dihydroxylation, and α‐oxyfunctionalization of alkenes as well as for ring contraction of cycloalkanones, conversion of halomethyl, hydroxymethyl, or active methylene groups into formyl groups, oxidation of aldehydes into carboxylic acids, sulfides into sulfoxides, and secondary amines into nitrones, regeneration of parent carbonyl compounds from their azomethine derivatives and for other reactions. The oxidation mechanisms depend on the substrate and oxidant or catalyst used. The electrophilic center localized on the selenium atom or the nucleophilic center localized on the oxygen atom of the selenahydroperoxide group are involved in the reaction mechanism. In both cases the selenium‐containing moiety is a good leaving group. Exceptionally oxidation can proceed via free radical selenium species. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)

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Electrosynthesis of α-keto acetals by a selenium-catalyzed transformation of aryl methyl ketones

Smith¹,

Winnick²,

Ding³

et al. 1998

Electrochimica Acta

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Liquid‐phase oxidation accompanied by skeletal rearrangement of acetophenone and acetone by hydrogen peroxide in the presence of selenium dioxide

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Developments in Synthetic Application of Selenium(IV) Oxide and Organoselenium Compounds as Oxygen Donors and Oxygen-Transfer Agents

Developments in Synthetic Application of Selenium(IV) Oxide and Organoselenium Compounds as Oxygen Donors and Oxygen-Transfer Agents

Selenium‐Promoted Oxidation of Organic Compounds: Reactions and Mechanisms

Electrosynthesis of α-keto acetals by a selenium-catalyzed transformation of aryl methyl ketones

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