Liquid-phase and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction techniques with derivatization: Recent applications in bioanalysis

Comparison of hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction and ultrasound-assisted low-density solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of drugs of abuse in biological samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

“…The outstanding advantages of DLLME are its simplicity, rapidity and inexpensiveness, especially suitable for the biological sample preparation [11]. Both technologies have been widely used in environmental, food, fragrance, flavor, forensic, pharmaceutical and biological analyses [9][10][11][12][13], which also showed the good performance for the determination of drugs of abuse [14,15].…”

Evaluation of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of cobalt and cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry: application in water and food samples

“…Since the invention of DLLME technology in 2006 [21], there has been a growing number of publications focused on this extraction technique, including original articles and reviews [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Recent Advances in Dispersive Liquid - Liquid Microextraction for Organic Compounds Analysis in Environmental Water: A Review

“…As a novel sample pretreatment technique, DLLME coupling with gas chromatography (GC) or high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of organic compounds in environmental water samples has received greate concerns [15,[17][18][19][20][21][22]. For the studies, BTEX, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organophosphorous pesticides (OPPs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organosulphur pesticides (OSPs), nitromatic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), triazine herbicides, phthalate esters (PAEs), decabrominated diphenyl ether, aromatic amines, phenoxyacetic acid herbicides, bisphenol A, and endocrine-disrupting phenols, for examples, are depicted [15, in Table 1.…”

“…DLLME has become a very popular environmentally benign sample pretreatment technique [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] since its initial introduction, because of its remarkable advantages, such as simplicity of operation, rapidity, high recovery and high enrichment factor, and low consumption of solvents and sample [18,19]. Several very recent reviews have excellently summarized a good number of works on rapid development and wide applications of DLLME [17][18][19][20]22]. Ojeda and Rojas reviewed the related works on separation and preconcentration of trace organic pollutants and metal ions in environmental samples by DLLME [18], Rezaee et al comprehensively summarized the evolution of DLLME especially on its combination with different analytical techniques and the extra steps in sample preparation [17].…”

“…Ojeda and Rojas reviewed the related works on separation and preconcentration of trace organic pollutants and metal ions in environmental samples by DLLME [18], Rezaee et al comprehensively summarized the evolution of DLLME especially on its combination with different analytical techniques and the extra steps in sample preparation [17]. Anthemidis and Ioannou concerned recent developments in DLLME for inorganic elements determination [20], Herrera-Herrera et al summarized DLLME applications for determination of organic analytes [19], and Nuhu et al paid more attentions to recent applications in bioanalysis of DLLME with derivatization [22]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no specific publication to review the different applications of DLLME to environmental water samples for organic compounds analysis.…”