Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below zero centigrade

Gao, Yue; Wang, Lei; Li, Haiyan; Jing, Liu

doi:10.1007/s11708-013-0285-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Also low temperature melting liquid metals, e.g. galliumbased alloys, came into the focus of research as efficient heat transfer medium for highly integrated electronics [4,5]. The successful materials development in this field demands for precise thermodynamic and transport parameters over a wide temperature range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics on next-neighbour distances in liquid and undercooled gallium

Demmel

2018

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Density fluctuations of liquid and 20 K undercooled gallium have been studied by neutron spectroscopy. The decay of density fluctuations has been recorded at the structure factor maximum over a wide temperature range up to twice the melting temperature. The amplitude of the scattering function falls off with rising temperature in a nonlinear way with a changing slope around 1.5 T melting . The derived generalized longitudinal viscosity shows an upturn with decreasing temperature in the same temperature range. This increase in viscosity can be understood that liquid gallium transforms from a more fluid liquid metal to a more viscous liquid metal in that temperature range upon cooling. The change in the amplitude shows a remarkable agreement with results from liquid aluminium, lead and rubidium. This study suggests a universal crossover in dynamics of liquid monatomic metals, despite the many peculiar properties of gallium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics on next-neighbour distances in liquid and undercooled gallium

Demmel

2018

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…The thermal conductivity of metal is much higher than that of nonmetallic material but lacks deformability. Gallium-based LM has a low melting point and no volatility, especially since its thermal conductivity can be more than 16.5 W m –1 K –1 , which has a broad application value in the field of thermal interface heat transfer. , Gallium-based LM breaks the performance limits of traditional thermal interface heat dissipation methods, which provides a new solution for the thermal barrier problem of highly integrated and high-power electronic devices. − The thermal properties of gallium-based LM are necessary to be deeply studied to better meet the application requirements in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reverse Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Thermal Conductivity of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal

Shi

Chen

2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Liquid metal (LM) has attracted much attention in advanced thermal management due to its superior thermal conductivity. The traditional research method of LM thermal conductivity is mainly based on experimental measurement at the macroscale. It is well known that thermal conduction is attributed to the thermal motion of molecules and atoms. It is valuable to study the thermal conductivity of LM in conjunction with atomic thermal motion at the microscale. In this work, the reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (RNEMD) method is proposed to study the variation pattern and influencing factors of gallium-based LM thermal conductivity. The three-dimensional physical model of crystal lattice structure was developed. The thermal motion trajectories of atoms at the microscale were observed and investigated. The thermal conductivity was calculated by the RNEMD method. The effect of temperature and components on the thermal conductivity of gallium-based LM was systematically analyzed. The results show that the thermal conductivity of gallium-based LM increases linearly with temperature, which is consistence with the trend in the intensity of atomic thermal motion. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of Ga42.25In35.5Sn22.25 is significantly higher than that of Ga67In20.5Sn12.5 at high temperatures, which might be attributed to the higher proportion of indium and tin in the alloy. However, the increase in the composition of tin inhibits the atomic thermal motion at low temperatures, thus weakening the heat transfer properties of the alloy.

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“…For example, liquid metals are thermally and electrically conductive and can be used for thermal management and wearable electronics [8]. The shape of liquid metals can be controlled by an electric field, which reminds us of the liquid metal robot in the movie ''Terminator 2'' [9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Liquid metal robotics: a new category of soft robotics on the horizon

2015

Science Bulletin

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Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below zero centigrade

Cited by 7 publications

References 51 publications

Dynamics on next-neighbour distances in liquid and undercooled gallium

Dynamics on next-neighbour distances in liquid and undercooled gallium

Reverse Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Thermal Conductivity of Gallium-Based Liquid Metal

Liquid metal robotics: a new category of soft robotics on the horizon

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