Liquid metal robotics: a new category of soft robotics on the horizon

Xu, Jie

doi:10.1007/s11434-015-0800-5

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Through continuous investigations, the concept of liquid metal robots has become clearer. [61][62][63] The realization of fully soft or liquid robots based on liquid metal is one target of this research direction. However, solidliquid coupling is more practical for now and allows for wider imagination in the field of liquid metal-based robots.…”

Section: Intelligent Properties and Advancement Of Liquid Metal Smart...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal Smart Materials toward Soft Robotics

Chen

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Unlike conventional rigid machines, soft robots generally have unique operation styles that rely heavily on soft matter engineering and smart material systems. Owing to the superior merits of both metals and fluids, liquid metal smart materials are increasingly being innovatively used as soft actuators and sensors to construct soft robots. To promote further development and prosperity in this field, this review organizes and summarizes the typical progress in liquid metal smart materials, with a special focus on their robotic response behaviors. In particular, the article emphasizes the concept of smart composite systems consisting of liquid metals and synergistic substances (e.g., solutions, particles, and polymers). The response behaviors of liquid metal smart materials under the actions of external factors (electricity, magnetism, ultrasound, light, heat, etc.) are examined and the smart properties occurring during these responses, such as motion, transformation, self‐organization, adaptive healing, and autonomous sensing, are identified. Furthermore, soft actuators, control systems, and robots based on liquid metal smart materials are summarized and elaborated upon. Finally, the potential directions worth pursuing and challenges are outlined. It is expected that this review will stimulate further investigations into liquid metal smart materials with the aim of building a new generation of soft robots.

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Section: Intelligent Properties and Advancement Of Liquid Metal Smart...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Metal Smart Materials toward Soft Robotics

Chen

Wang

Liu

et al. 2023

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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show abstract

“…These chemically powered devices can be utilized in drug delivery and duplicating the behavior of a biological organ (Majidi, 2014). Among various materials chosen for this specific purpose, liquid metal soft robotics has indicated a novel and significant impact (Xu, 2015). All previously mentioned actuation methods require an external power supply.…”

Section: Liquid Metal Self-actuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallium-Based Room-Temperature Liquid Metals: Actuation and Manipulation of Droplets and Flows

Majidi

Gritsenko

2017

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Gallium-based room-temperature liquid metals possess extremely valuable properties, such as low toxicity, low vapor pressure, and high thermal and electrical conductivity enabling them to become suitable substitutes for mercury and beyond in wide range of applications. When exposed to air, a native oxide layer forms on the surface of gallium-based liquid metals which mechanically stabilizes the liquid. By removing or reconstructing the oxide skin, shape and state of liquid metal droplets and flows can be manipulated/actuated desirably. This can occur manually or in the presence/absence of a magnetic/electric field. These methods lead to numerous useful applications such as soft electronics, reconfigurable devices, and soft robots. In this mini-review, we summarize the most recent progresses achieved on liquid metal droplet generation and actuation of gallium-based liquid metals with/without an external force.

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Extreme Wetting Properties of Liquid Metal

Wang

Liu

2021

Materials With Extreme Wetting Properties

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Liquid metal robotics: a new category of soft robotics on the horizon

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Liquid Metal Smart Materials toward Soft Robotics

Liquid Metal Smart Materials toward Soft Robotics

Gallium-Based Room-Temperature Liquid Metals: Actuation and Manipulation of Droplets and Flows

Extreme Wetting Properties of Liquid Metal

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