2013
DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0263
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Liquid crystal phase transitions in suspensions of mineral colloids: new life from old roots

Abstract: A review is given of the field of mineral colloidal liquid crystals: liquid crystal phases formed by individual mineral particles within colloidal suspensions. Starting from their discovery in the 1920s, we discuss developments on the levels of both fundamentals and applications. We conclude by highlighting some promising results from recent years, which may point the way towards future developments.

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Cited by 122 publications
(108 citation statements)
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“…30,38,45 However, freeze-dried samples usually lose the original GO assembly structure in a wet colloid and are restructured during freezing; 36,37 small angle X-ray scattering peaks in colloidal nematic phases are commonly sharper than those of small-molecular nematic phases owing to weaker thermal fluctuation, and the types of patterns are commonly interpreted as characteristic patterns of the nematic phase rather than the lamellar phase in clay suspensions. 41,42,46 Hence, these results do not directly confirm the lamellar mesophase of the GO dispersion. In lamellar phases such as lipid bilayer lamellar phases and the smectic phases of small molecules, a long-range single layer that is composed of many particles should first be defined.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 43%
“…30,38,45 However, freeze-dried samples usually lose the original GO assembly structure in a wet colloid and are restructured during freezing; 36,37 small angle X-ray scattering peaks in colloidal nematic phases are commonly sharper than those of small-molecular nematic phases owing to weaker thermal fluctuation, and the types of patterns are commonly interpreted as characteristic patterns of the nematic phase rather than the lamellar phase in clay suspensions. 41,42,46 Hence, these results do not directly confirm the lamellar mesophase of the GO dispersion. In lamellar phases such as lipid bilayer lamellar phases and the smectic phases of small molecules, a long-range single layer that is composed of many particles should first be defined.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 43%
“…Еще одна глина -нонтронит (Si 7,55 4 Na 0,72 -в дис-персиях образует нематическую фазу [48]. Она принадлежит к семейству монтмориллонита, в ко-тором атомы алюминия замещены ионами трехва-лентного железа.…”
Section: глиныunclassified
“…Их получени-ем и изучением занимаются крупнейшие универ-ситеты и фирмы; литература, им посвященная, на-считывает сотни статей (см., например, обзоры [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]). Их стали называть по-разному: «минеральные ЖК-полимеры», «коллоидные ЖК на основе мине-ральных молекул», просто «коллоидные ЖК», «минеральные ЖК».…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Jeroen van Duijneveldt [10] the montmorillonite plates was described as one possible reason, charge separation could be another ( figure 6). Henk Lekkerkerker [11] brought the session to a close with a brief, but educating and entertaining, history of mineral colloidal liquid crystals. He described some of the new frontiers that are being found in mineral colloid liquid crystals, how they are ideal model systems and how they could even be used as potential candidates to demonstrate the much sought after biaxial nematic phase.…”
Section: Colloidal Liquid Crystals and Carbon Nanotubesmentioning
confidence: 99%