Liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of albendazole and albendazole sulfoxide in human plasma for bioequivalence studies

Abstract

An improved high performance liquid chromatography--tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method has been developed for sensitive and rapid determination of albendazole (ABZ) and its active metabolite, albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO), in the positive ionization mode. The method utilized solid phase extraction (SPE) for sample preparation of the analytes and their deuterated internal standards (ISs) from 100 µL human plasma. The chromatography was carried out on Hypurity C18 column using acetonitrile-2.0 mM ammonium acetate, pH 5.0 (80:20, v/v) as the mobile phase. The assay exhibited a linear response over the concentration range of 0.200–50.0 ng/mL for ABZ and 3.00–600 ng/mL for ABZSO. The recoveries of the analytes and ISs ranged from 86.03%–89.66% and 89.85%–98.94%, respectively. Matrix effect, expressed as IS-normalized matrix factors, ranged from 0.985 to 1.042 for the both analytes. The method was successfully applied for two separate studies in healthy subjects using single dose of 400 mg conventional tablets and 400 mg chewable ABZ tablets, respectively.

Pharmacokinetics of Albendazole, Albendazole Sulfoxide, and Albendazole Sulfone Determined from Plasma, Blood, Dried-Blood Spots, and Mitra Samples of Hookworm-Infected Adolescents

“…Based on the published data, SRM scans were performed for 266. (5,7). Fragment-specific mass spectrometer parameters were evaluated by direct infusion of 1 g/ml albendazole, albendazole sulfoxide, and albendazole sulfone dissolved in methanol to the mass spectrometer, followed by a stepwise optimization of source parameters (see Table S2 in the supplemental material).…”

“…Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms, and Trichuris trichiura. In addition, pharmacokinetic (PK) studies have been mostly performed in healthy adults and in a few cases in adults infected with Wuchereria bancrofti or hydatid disease (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Only three small PK studies have been performed with 5 to 10 children who received albendazole treatment and who were infected with hydatid disease, neurocysticercosis, or Giardia intestinalis (12)(13)(14).…”

LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of diethylcarbamazine, albendazole and albendazole metabolites in human plasma: Application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study

“…Albendazole is only detectable for a short time in plasma due to its rapid conversion to its major active metabolites such as ABZ-sulfoxide (ABZ-OX) and ABZ-sulfone (ABZ-ON) and subsequently low drug concentrations [ 6 ]. Various bioanalytical methods are available for analysis of ABZ and its metabolites in different biological matrices [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ]. Wojnicz et al reported a LC–MS/MS method for the quantitation of ABZ and ABZ-OX in 200 μL plasma with a LLOQ of 5 and 10 ng/mL)[ 10 ].…”

Simultaneous densitometric determination of anthelmintic drug albendazole and its metabolite albendazole sulfoxide by HPTLC in human plasma and pharmaceutical formulations

“…The method to extract the drug and its metabolite was based on our previous study with some modification (Rathod et al, ). To an aliquot of 500 μL of spiked plasma samples (calibration standards and QC), 100 μL of 500 μg/mL working solution of phenacetin was added and vortexed for 10 s. Further, 100 μL of 5 m m ammonium acetate solution in water was added, vortexed for another 1.0 min and centrifuged at 13,148 g for 5 min at 10°C.…”

“…Similarly, several methods are described for the determination of ABZSO and/or other inactive metabolites of ABZ in human serum (Mirfazaelian, Dadashzadeh, & Rouini, ), bovine plasma (Belaz, Cass, & Oliveira, ), human cancer cell lines (Belaz et al, ), dog plasma (Khalil, El‐karbane, Azougagh, El‐harti, & Taoufik, ), human plasma (González‐Hernández, Ruiz‐Olmedo, Cárdenas, & Jung‐Cook, ; Saraner et al, ) and cerebrospinal fluid (González‐Hernández et al, ). Simultaneous analysis of ABZ and ABZSO is also reported in different biological matrices using HPLC (Kitzman, Cheng, & Fleckenstein, ), LC–MS/MS (Rathod et al, ; Wojnicz et al, ) and UPLC–MS/MS (Shen et al, ; Zhang et al, ). Few other methods describe simultaneous estimation of ABZ with other anthelmintic agents like closantel (Phatak, Vaidya, & Phatak, ), thiabendazole (Su, Chang, Chang, & Chou, ), mebendazole (Su et al, ), ivermectin (Patel, Joshi, & Patel, ; Waldia, Gupta, Issarani, & Nagori, ) and praziquantel (Gandla, Lalitha, Bommakanti, Suthakaran, & Pallavi, ; Shah, Dey, Pradhan, Jain, & Upadhyaya, ).…”