Liquefaction-related building damage in Adapazari during the Turkey earthquake of August 17, 1999

Mollamahmutoğlu, Murat; Kayabalı, Kamil; Beyaz, Turgay; Kolay, Ersin

doi:10.1016/s0013-7952(02)00190-4

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This is an unexpected finding as those districts are located closer to the fault rupture Fig. 23 PGA (g) distribution from scenario earthquake and areas with observed damage from liquefaction after 1999 Kocaeli earthquake adopted from Mollamahmutoglu et al (2003) and GMPEs are predicting higher ground motion intensities in these areas considering the soil conditions. Therefore, observed damage in these areas is expected to be higher.…”

Section: Scenario Earthquake and Comparison With Kocaeli Earthquakementioning

confidence: 86%

“…A large proportion of buildings located in these areas suffered extensive and complete damage due to liquefaction instead of strong ground motion itself. In addition, according to Mollamahmutoglu et al (2003) even buildings designed according to the seismic regulations suffered from severe displacements. Hence, poor predictions for central districts might be due to GMPEs not being able to predict soil amplification correctly as occurred in 1999 Kocaeli earthquake.…”

Section: Scenario Earthquake and Comparison With Kocaeli Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Probabilistic seismic risk assessment framework: case study Adapazari, Turkey

Sianko

Özdemir

Hajirasouliha

et al. 2023

Bull Earthquake Eng

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While earthquakes can have a devastating impact on the economic growth and social welfare of earthquake prone regions, probabilistic seismic risk assessment can be employed to assess and mitigate such risks from future destructive events. In a previous study (Sianko et al. in Bull Earthq Eng 18:2523–2555, 2020), a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) tool based on the Monte-Carlo approach, was developed to predict the seismic hazard for high seismicity areas. In this study, a seismic risk assessment framework is developed incorporating the previously developed PSHA tool, with vulnerability functions based on various damage criteria, exposures and casualty models. Epistemic uncertainty is addressed using logic trees and distribution functions. The developed seismic risk assessment framework can estimate human and economic losses for particular return periods using an event-based stochastic procedure. The framework is applied to a case study area, the city of Adapazari in Turkey. Seismic risk assessment is carried out for different return periods to identify the most vulnerable areas of the city. The verification of the developed seismic risk framework is performed by comparing the predicted seismic losses to those observed during the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake that severely affected the city of Adapazari. The results of the study indicate that while overall predictions for extensive and complete damage states demonstrate strong correlation with the observed data, accurate risk predictions at the district level are not achievable without microzonation studies.

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Section: Scenario Earthquake and Comparison With Kocaeli Earthquakementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Scenario Earthquake and Comparison With Kocaeli Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic seismic risk assessment framework: case study Adapazari, Turkey

Sianko

Özdemir

Hajirasouliha

et al. 2023

Bull Earthquake Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The most significant impact identified and recorded during our field survey in the earthquake-affected area of Gölbaşı city comprises the damage caused to many of the buildings due to the soil-foundation interaction (Figure 17). The liquefaction phenomena that extended south of the lake within the city resulted in typical damage observed also in areas affected by past earthquakes and subsequent liquefaction, for example, in Adaparazzi city after the 1999 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake [52,53] and in Christchurch city after the 2010-2011 New Zealand earthquakes [54]. Overall, the following damage was observed to buildings in the city and attributed to liquefaction phenomena and loss of loadbearing capacity of the foundation (Figure 17):…”

Section: Gölbaşı Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Earthquake Environmental Effects and Building Properties Controlling Damage Caused by the 6 February 2023 Earthquakes in East Anatolia

Mavroulis,

Argyropoulos,

Vassilakis

et al. 2023

Geosciences

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On 6 February 2023, East Anatolia was devastated by two major earthquakes resulting in hundreds of thousands of collapses and tens of thousands of human casualties. This paper investigates the factors related to building properties and earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) that contributed to the building damage grade and distribution in southeastern Turkey. In regards to the building construction properties, the loose enforcement of the building code, the random urban planning solutions and the poor construction standards are the main construction deficiencies that led to one of the largest disasters in Turkey’s recent history. Regarding geological factors, the triggering of primary and secondary EEEs largely shaped the grade and distribution of damage. Where coseismic surface ruptures intersected with the built environment, heavy to very heavy structural damage was observed. This was evident in many cases along the ruptured segments of the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ). Liquefaction observed close to waterbodies caused damage typical of building foundation load-bearing capacity loss. The earthquake-triggered landslides affected mainly mountainous and semi-mountainous settlements characterized with pre-earthquake high related susceptibility. The high susceptibility to generation of EEEs was extensively confirmed in many cases resulting in extensive damage. The provided information highlights the importance of such studies for hazard mitigation and disaster risk reduction.

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Section: Scenario Earthquake and Comparison With Kocaeli Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment Framework: Case study Adapazari, Turkey

Sianko

Özdemir

Hajirasouliha

et al. 2022

Preprint

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While earthquakes can have a devastating impact on the economic growth and social welfare of earthquake prone regions, probabilistic seismic risk assessment can be employed to assess and mitigate such risks from future destructive events. In a previous study (Sianko, 2020), a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) tool based on the Monte-Carlo (MC) approach, was developed to predict the seismic hazard for high seismicity areas. In this study, a seismic risk assessment framework is developed incorporating the previously developed PSHA tool, with vulnerability functions based on various damage criteria, exposures and casualty models. Epistemic uncertainty is addressed using logic trees and distribution functions. The developed seismic risk assessment framework can estimate human and economic losses for particular return periods using an event-based stochastic procedure. The framework is applied to a case study area, the city of Adapazari in Turkey. Seismic risk assessment is carried out for different return periods to identify the most vulnerable areas of the city. The verification of the developed seismic risk framework is performed by comparing the predicted seismic losses to those observed during the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake that severely affected the city of Adapazari. The results of the study indicate that while overall predictions for extensive and complete damage states demonstrate strong correlation with the observed data, accurate risk predictions at the district level are not achievable without microzonation studies.

show abstract

Liquefaction-related building damage in Adapazari during the Turkey earthquake of August 17, 1999

Cited by 25 publications

References 1 publication

Probabilistic seismic risk assessment framework: case study Adapazari, Turkey

Probabilistic seismic risk assessment framework: case study Adapazari, Turkey

Earthquake Environmental Effects and Building Properties Controlling Damage Caused by the 6 February 2023 Earthquakes in East Anatolia

Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment Framework: Case study Adapazari, Turkey

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