2016
DOI: 10.1038/srep25876
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Liposome production by microfluidics: potential and limiting factors

Abstract: This paper provides an analysis of microfluidic techniques for the production of nanoscale lipid-based vesicular systems. In particular we focus on the key issues associated with the microfluidic production of liposomes. These include, but are not limited to, the role of lipid formulation, lipid concentration, residual amount of solvent, production method (including microchannel architecture), and drug loading in determining liposome characteristics. Furthermore, we propose microfluidic architectures for the m… Show more

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Cited by 288 publications
(273 citation statements)
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“…Other techniques especially those based on microfluidics have been extensively developed. These techniques emerged in the late 1980s, include extrusion, double emulsion, droplet emulsion transfer, pulsed jetting, transient membrane ejection, and hydrodynamic focusing [133]. Among these, micro-hydrodynamic focusing was used to fabricate monodisperse liposomes with highly controllable size and encapsulation efficiency through buffer-organic phase flow rate ratios [134].…”
Section: Lipid-based Nanomaterialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other techniques especially those based on microfluidics have been extensively developed. These techniques emerged in the late 1980s, include extrusion, double emulsion, droplet emulsion transfer, pulsed jetting, transient membrane ejection, and hydrodynamic focusing [133]. Among these, micro-hydrodynamic focusing was used to fabricate monodisperse liposomes with highly controllable size and encapsulation efficiency through buffer-organic phase flow rate ratios [134].…”
Section: Lipid-based Nanomaterialsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The most basic and earliest methods for liposome formation began with multistep synthetic strategies involving the rehydration of thin phospholipid films in aqueous media which resulted in the spontaneous formation of lipid structures of varying sizes, shapes, and lamella . For uniform product generation, these suspensions required post‐formation mechanical size manipulations strategies . The combination of these methods, although effective and well‐understood, have been proven to be inconvenient for large‐scale manufacture.…”
Section: Liposomal Manufacturingmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This behavior increases their solubility in the medium and decreases their surface-to-volume ratio. 53,54 There are several methods that can be used to prepare liposomes, including the reverse-phase evaporation technique, injection of phospholipids dissolved in an organic phase into a drug-containing aqueous phase, detergent dialysis, microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing (MHF), supercritical reverse-phase evaporation (SRPE), electroformation, 55 microfluid liposome formation, 56 and thin lipid film hydration (the Bangham method). The last was the first conventional method described for the preparation of liposomes, based on rehydration, in an aqueous solvent, of a thin lipid film formed by evaporating the organic solvent used to solubilize the lipid.…”
Section: Liposomesmentioning
confidence: 99%