Lipoprotein (a) levels are not associated with carotid plaques and carotid intima media thickness in statin-treated patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Lipoprotein (a) as a cause of cardiovascular disease: insights from epidemiology, genetics, and biology

“…In contrast, high Lp(a) concentrations or LPA risk alleles have not been associated with early atherosclerosis measured as modest intima-media thickening in carotid or femoral arteries (160,(208)(209)(210)(211)(212)(213); however, there is controversy as to whether such intima-media thickness represents atherosclerosis per se. For example, in the Young Finns Study, including 939 men and 1,141 women, data from observational and Mendelian randomization analyses provided no support for early atherogenic effects of high Lp(a) concentrations (211).…”

“…This would then cause a thickening of aortic valve leaflets and the arterial intima. However, as mentioned above, there is no human evidence to support that high Lp(a) concentrations promote early atherosclerosis (160,(208)(209)(210)(211)(212)(213), at least in the form of increased intima-media thickness.…”

Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Compared to Premenopausal Women at Middle Age

“…C-IMT measurements were performed with the ATL Ultra Mark IV transducer, the Panasonic CardioHealthStation, and the ToshibaAplioArtida Medical System with previously described C-IMT assessment methods (21)(22)(23). In short, the near anterior and far posterior walls of the carotid artery were visualized on a longitudinal, ultrasound image of the carotid artery.…”

“…The mean C-IMT was determined as the average of the left and right carotid artery. Plaques were defined as a local enlargement of the C-IMT of more than 50% at any carotid bed (common carotid artery, bifurcation, internal carotid artery) (22)(23)(24).…”

Lipoprotein(a) in postmenopausal women: assessment of cardiovascular risk and therapeutic options

“…This may also be extended to postmenopausal women. However, it must be noted that others did not confirm the contribution of Lp(a) in the regression of atherosclerosis in statin‐treated patients with FH …”