Lipooligosaccharides from Treponema hyodysenteriae and Treponema innocens

Abstract

Lipooligosaccharides from Treponema hyodysenteriae serotypes 1 through 7, attenuated T. hyodysenteriae serotypes 1 and 2, and five strains of T. innocens were extracted with hot phenol water. The extracts were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis separation and analyzed by lipopolysaccharide selective silver staining and Western blot (immunoblot) immunodetection. Silver staining revealed the presence of two bands that ranged between 18,000 and 24,000 daltons and that were serotype specific for T. hyodysenteriae. Attenuation of pathogenic strains resulted in the loss of the higher-molecular-weight band. Four of five T. innocens strains also lacked this particular band. T. innocens 421 had six bands between 17,000 and 26,900 daltons. Western blots with hyperimmune rabbit sera and convalescent-phase swine sera revealed antigenic variation among serotypes of T. hyodysenteriae and attenuated serotypes of T. hyodysenteriae. Convalescent-phase swine sera failed to recognize lipopolysaccharides from T. innocens. Differences in results obtained by lipopolysaccharide selective silver staining versus immunoblotting of the lipopolysaccharide preparations probably indicate that these two methods identify separate characteristics of the same molecule.

Electrophoretic and Immunochemical Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide ofEdwardsiella ictalurifrom Channel Catfish

“…Lower-and medium-molecular-mass LPS bands were also more clearly seen in immunoblots of SDS-PAGE-resolved E. ictaluri LPS. Similar differences in visualization of LPS by silver staining and western blotting have been shown with the lipoligosaccharide from Neisseria gon-orrhoea (Mandrell et al 1986) and Serpulina (Treponema) hyodysenteriae (Halter and Joens 1988).…”

Evidence for (lipo) oligosaccharides in Borrelia burgdorferi and their serological specificity

“…The data obtained in this work indicate that the LOS could stimulate an immune response which seemed not to be specific in relation to the different strains used. The immunogenicity of the LOS seemed quite similar in Borrelia, at variance with other groups of spirochetes like Leptospira interrogans [21] and Treponema hyodysenteriae [6]. No crossreactivity of LOS was observed with sera positive for leptospirosis and syphilis; this fact would indicate that these LOS antigens are more specific than proteins within the spirochetes, since Borrelia proteins have been recently demonstrated to cross-react with syphilis and leptospirosis sera [22].…”

“…These authors described an LPS-like material extracted from borreliae and characterized by chemical analysis and by some biological assays for endotoxic activities. In this investigation we used a different approach based on the electrophoresis of crude and proteinase-digested Borrelia preparations and on a silver staining specific for LPS, according to Hitchcock and Brown [6]. For the first time we showed here an immunological specificity of this LOS material.…”

“…Only one band of ladder-like appearance was visible in the other Borrelia strains. Because of their low molecular mass and the lack of repeated banding, similarly to rough LPSs, we called these oligosaccharide moieties lipooligosaccharides (LOS), as already reported for other genera of bacteria like Treponema, Neisseria and Haemophilus [6,19,20]. Fig.…”

“…Different distribution and immunological specificity of such antigens have revealed differences between European and American Borrelia strains, as well as antigenic variability within the same Borrelia population [21. Some data have been reported on the presence of non-proteinaceous molecules in Borrelia burgdorferi [3], but no study on their antigenic behaviour has ever been made. Polysaccharidic immunogens were recently demonstrated to play a main role in Leptospira serology [4,5] and for the classification of some species of Treponema [6].…”