Lipids Composition in Plant Membranes

Abstract

The paper focuses on the selected plant lipid issues. Classification, nomenclature, and abundance of fatty acids was discussed. Then, classification, composition, role, and organization of lipids were displayed. The involvement of lipids in xantophyll cycle and glycerolipids synthesis (as the most abundant of all lipid classes) were also discussed. Moreover, in order to better understand the biomembranes remodeling, the model (artificial) membranes, mimicking the naturally occurring membranes are employed and the survey on their composition and application in different kind of research was performed. High level of lipids remodeling in the plant membranes under different environmental conditions, e.g., nutrient deficiency, temperature stress, salinity or drought was proved. The key advantage of lipid research was the conclusion that lipids could serve as the markers of plant physiological condition and the detailed knowledge on lipids chemistry will allow to modify their composition for industrial needs.

High Temperature Alters Secondary Metabolites and Photosynthetic Efficiency in Heracleum sosnowskyi

“…Moreover, among all parameters of chl a fluorescence, Fv/Fm and F0 seem to be good indicators of the function of PSII reaction centers under the temperature exceeding heat tolerance limit [ 16 , 18 ]. Though some studies considered PSII as a strongly temperature-sensitive constituent of the photosynthetic apparatus [ 19 , 20 ] leading to decreased thylakoid membrane stacking, increased fluidity, reorganization of the membranes [ 18 , 21 , 22 ], and the relocation of PSII light-harvesting complexes from the thylakoid membrane [ 23 ], other studies did not provide the same outcomes. PSII cannot be always significantly affected at 35–45 °C [ 17 ], which is in agreement with the results of our study.…”

Plant lipid metabolism in response to Phytophthora sojae infection in susceptible and tolerant soybean cultivars

“…The biosynthesis and lipid composition of cellular membranes play an essential role in the physiological functioning of plants . During growth, plants adapt to adverse stress conditions through the remodelling of lipid membranes resulting from alterations in the fatty acid content and, consequently, the biosynthesis of lipids 53 . Several studies have demonstrated that high levels of lipid remodeling in plant membrane lipids under different adverse conditions result in resistance to environmental stressors 53 .…”

Plant lipid metabolism in susceptible and tolerant soybean (Glycine max) cultivars in response to Phytophthora sojae colonization and infection

“…The biosynthesis and lipid composition of cellular membranes play an essential role in the physiological functioning of plants (Reszczyńska and Hanaka 2020). During growth, plants adapt to adverse stress conditions through the remodelling of lipid membranes resulting from alterations in the fatty acid content and, consequently, the biosynthesis of lipids (Reszczyńska and Hanaka 2020).…”

“…The biosynthesis and lipid composition of cellular membranes play an essential role in the physiological functioning of plants (Reszczyńska and Hanaka 2020). During growth, plants adapt to adverse stress conditions through the remodelling of lipid membranes resulting from alterations in the fatty acid content and, consequently, the biosynthesis of lipids (Reszczyńska and Hanaka 2020). Several studies have demonstrated that high levels of lipid remodeling in plant membrane lipids under different adverse conditions result in resistance to environmental stressors (Reszczyńska and Hanaka 2020).…”