Lipid Transport, Dietary Fats, and Endogenous Lipid Synthesis: Hypotheses on Saturation and Competition Processes

Abstract

Plasma lipid concentrations are the net result of the balance between two opposite processes: the loading, i.e. the entry of new lipids into the plasma compartment through the ingestion (diet) and/or endogenous synthesis, and the unloading, i.e. energy utilization, incorporation into cell membranes, and storage. Even though many fatty acids are thought to be synthesized in the body, it appears as nearly all circulating fatty acids are, in fact, derived from the diet. In view of the wide dietary availabilty of such nutrients, the need to conserve energy likely minimizes endogenous synthesis. Consequently, the possibility exists to alter circulating the profile of fatty acids, including the "non essential" ones by dietary manipulations. In turn, a theory on the dietary vs endogenous contribution to circulating fatty acids, including those known as non-essential, is discussed based on critical interpretation of original data.

Effects of n-3 fatty acids on growth, antioxidant status, and immunity of preweaned dairy calves

“…The FA profile of blood depends on the amount and quality of dietary or endogenously synthesized fat, as well as the demand on and consumption of fat burnt up in energy processes or incorporated into cell membranes or storage tissue (Visioli et al, 2006). In this study, we found that the increase in blood serum levels of LA (C18: 2n -6) and ALA (C18: 3n -3) with diet was significant (P < 0.01), and concentrations of C18:1 and SFA were reduced.…”

Beneficial Effects of Fish Oil on Human Brain

“…Even though mammals can synthesize very low amounts of many fatty acids, it is becoming increasingly evident that nearly all circulating fatty acids are derived from the diet Visioli et al, 2006). ARA and DHA are present in diet as triacylglycerols, which are hydrolyzed by lipases in gastric and intestinal lumen.…”

Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Risk. Evidence, Lack of Evidence, and Diligence

“…It is important to underscore that most circulating and stored fatty acids are derived from the diet [8]. Hence, the extent and true nature of dietary fatty acids' contribution to health and disease deserves in-depth analysis.…”