Lipid‐Related Genetic Variants for Personalized Dietary Interventions: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Dyslipidemias are known risk factors for chronic diseases. Precision nutrition interventions are designed according to characteristics, such as diet, phenotype, and genotype. This systematic review aims to define a panel of genetic variants associated with lipid abnormalities that could be later used in nutrigenetic intervention studies. A systematic review is conducted following the PRISMA-P. Studies published from January 2010 to December 2020 in English language and humans are included from PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Articles that demonstrate a strong association between polymorphisms (single nucleotide variation) of genes involved in lipid metabolism and increased risk for dyslipidemia are included. A total of 3031 articles are screened, but only 51 articles fulfill the inclusion criteria. The genes included are FABP2, MTTP related to CM synthesis and secretion; LPL, LIPC involved in triglyceride hydrolysis; CETP, APOA1, LCAT, ABCA1, and APOA5 related to lipoprotein metabolism, and APOE, LDLR, SCARB1, APOC3 involved in lipid clearance. In this systematic review, genetic variants related to chylomicron synthesis, triglyceride hydrolysis, lipoprotein metabolism, and lipid clearance demonstrate a strong association with lipid abnormalities, which can be used to design precision nutrition interventions that may help to prevent and treat dyslipidemia effectively.

The association between vitamin K intake and dyslipidemia in US adults: the mediating effect of insulin resistance

“…3 Environmental (such as poor dietary habits, 4 and poor lifestyle such as smoking and drinking 5 ) and genetic factors are important risk factors in the development of dyslipidemia. 6 In addition, dyslipidemia is also intimately associated with diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. [7][8][9] Medication and dietary strategies are common management measures for dyslipidemia.…”

“…[7][8][9] Medication and dietary strategies are common management measures for dyslipidemia. 6 Dietary management is an accessible and effective intervention for patients with dyslipi-demia. As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin K was originally known for its blood-clotting properties.…”

A Nutrigenetic Strategy for Reducing Blood Lipids and Low-Grade Inflammation in Adults with Obesity and Overweight

“…Up to now, different SNPs related to alterations in lipid metabolism have been identified [11]. Recently, a panel of lipid-related genetic variants for personalized dietary interventions was proposed by this group [12]. Some SNPs of the panel (LIPC rs1800588, LPL rs13702, FABP2 rs1799883, ABCA1 rs9282541, CETP rs708272, PPARG rs1801282, APOA5 rs662799, APOC3 rs5128, APOA1 rs670, APOE rs7412, and rs429358) have a high prevalence in the Mexican population and are associated with the most common dyslipidemias in this population [13][14][15].…”