A Nutrigenetic Strategy for Reducing Blood Lipids and Low-Grade Inflammation in Adults with Obesity and Overweight

Abstract

The pathogenesis of obesity and dyslipidemia involves genetic factors, such as polymorphisms related to lipid metabolism alterations predisposing their development. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a nutrigenetic intervention on the blood lipid levels, body composition, and inflammation markers of adults with obesity and overweight. Eleven genetic variants associated with dyslipidemias in Mexicans were selected, and specific nutrigenetic recommendations for these polymorphisms were found. One hundred and one adults were recruited and assigned to follow either a standard or nutrigenetic diet for eight weeks. Anthropometric, biochemical, body composition, and inflammation markers were evaluated through standardized methods. Weighted genetic risk scores (wGRSs) were computed using the study polymorphisms. After intervention, both diets significantly decreased the anthropometric parameters and body composition (p < 0.05). Only the nutrigenetic diet group showed significant reductions in VLDL-c (p = 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.002), TG:HDL (p = 0.002), IL-6 (p = 0.002), and TNF-α (p = 0.04). wGRSs had a high impact on the ΔTGs and ΔVLDL-c of both groups (standard diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.69, p = 0.03; ΔVLDL-c: Adj R2 = 0.71, p = 0.02; nutrigenetic diet: ΔTGs: Adj R2 = 0.49, p = 0.03 and ΔVLDL-c: R2 = 0.29, p = 0.04). This nutrigenetic intervention improved lipid abnormalities in patients with excessive body weight. Hence, nutrigenetic strategies could be coadjuvant tools and enhance the standard dietary treatment for cardiometabolic diseases.

Obesity and Nutrigenetics Testing: New Insights

“…Nutrigenetic recommendations can be classified and grouped into portfolios. These dietary recommendations are based on scientific evidence representing a basis for creating nutrigenetic standards established by different populations’ genetic and physiological characteristics worldwide [ 100 ].…”

Personalized nutrition: the end of the one-diet-fits-all era

“…Thus, consuming chia, pumpkin seeds, and amaranth can offer a plant-based supply of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) while inhibiting anti-inflammatory cell-signaling pathways that are frequently triggered in various chronic diseases (58). In line with these features, a recent study assessed the impact of specific nutrigenetic recommendations for 11 genetic variants associated with dyslipidemias, reducing blood lipids and low-grade inflammation in adults with excess weight (82).…”