Lipid Profile and Correlation to Cardiac Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Function in Type 1 Adolescent Diabetics from a Developing Country

Abstract

Objective. The adverse role of dyslipidemia in predicting cardiovascular outcomes has not been elucidated extensively among type 1 diabetics in the literature. Methods. We assessed dyslipidemia and its correlation to other cardiac risk factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Total thirty type 1 adolescent diabetics were evaluated for their metabolic profile, including serum lipids and echocardiography was performed. Results. The average age of the cohort was 14.3 ± 3.09 yr with disease duration of 5.35 ± 2.94 yr. The mean HbA1C was 8.01%. The mean serum cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglyceride were normal. Serum cholesterol was high in patients with longer disease duration (P = 0.011, r = 0.41), high systolic blood pressure (P = 0.04, r = 0.32), and elevated HbA1C > 8% (P = 0.038, r = 0.33). Higher lipid values were associated with poorer carotid artery distensibility (P > 0.05) and higher carotid artery intimomedial thickness (cIMT) (P < 0.05 for cholesterol and LDL). Hyperglycemia adversely affected ejection fractions, though serum lipids did not show any significant effect on left ventricular parameters. Conclusions. Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia can serve as biomarkers for cardiovascular dysfunction in at-risk adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Carotid artery parameters are adjunctive tools which may be affected early in the course of macrovascular disease.

Effect of metabolic control on oxidative stress, subclinical atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease in diabetic patients

“…Other investigators nonetheless, have reported a significant association between CIMT and age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, body mass index [ 38 – 40 ] and the presence of diabetes or glucose intolerance [ 34 , 41 , 42 ]. In our study, like the findings of two other research groups [ 36 , 37 ], we did not observe a significant correlation between CIMT and gender, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, or HbA1c. However, we found just a significant association between age and duration of diabetes in poor glycemic group.…”

“…There are various reports in the literature regarding the association of CIMT with risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis. Some authors [ 36 , 37 ] were unable to find a statistically significant correlation between CIMT and CVD risk factors in diabetic patients. Other investigators nonetheless, have reported a significant association between CIMT and age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, body mass index [ 38 – 40 ] and the presence of diabetes or glucose intolerance [ 34 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Associação entre excesso de peso e alterações lipídicas em adolescentes

“…Esses resultados reforçam a importância de práticas alimentares saudáveis para reduzir o risco de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) na idade adulta, uma vez que evidências sugerem que níveis elevados de lipídios séricos estão relacionados com maior incidência de hiperlipidemia, hipertensão e doença aterosclerótica 28 .…”

Lipid Profile in Adolescent Girls with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperandrogenemia

“…Marked dyslipidaemia is more characteristic for type 2 diabetes, and in T1DM lipid disturbances are rather mild [ 17 ]. However in both types of diabetes, poor glycemic control increases serum triglyceride levels and decreases HDL.…”