Lipid-Lowering Efficacy of Piperine From Piper Nigrum L. In High-Fat Diet and Antithyroid Drug-Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Abstract

Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control diet group and high‐fat diet group (HFD). Both groups were divided into four subgroups, each consisted of 10 animals, and the diets were supplemented with the following ingredients for 10 weeks: (1) 1% carboxymethyl cellulose; (2) 10 mg carbimazole (CM)/kg body weight; (3) 10 mg CM + 40 mg piperine/kg body weight; and (4) 10 mg CM + 2 mg atorvastatin/kg body weight. Feeding HFD to rats significantly (P < 0.05) elevated plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) and the activity of 3‐hydroxy 3‐methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase in the liver, heart and aorta, while the activities of plasma and tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and plasma lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and high‐density lipoprotein were significantly (P < 0.05) lowered compared to control rats. Supplementing piperine with HFD significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the levels of plasma total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL tissue HMG CoA reductase and significantly (P < 0.05) elevated the levels of LPL and LCAT compared to rats that did not receive piperine. Fecal bile acids and neutral sterols were also elevated in HFD‐fed rats as compared to control animals, while simultaneous supplementation of piperine significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced further excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols. The results indicate that piperine can prevent the accumulation of plasma lipids and lipoproteins significantly by modulating the enzymes of lipid metabolism.

Black and green tea improves lipid profile and lipid peroxidation parameters in Wistar rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

“…In the present study, rats fed high-cholesterol diet showed a significant increase in serum and hepatic cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and serum LDL, and decrease in HDL. These findings are consistent with earlier reports [4,35,51]. In the present investigation, supplementation with BT and GT resulted in marked decrease in serum and hepatic cholesterol, TG, and serum LDL, and increased HDL level, when compared with the hypercholesterolemic group.…”

Synthesising a novel derivatives of piperine from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

“…It is responsible for many pharmacological activities of the black pepper [24,25]. Piperine is medicinally used as antiinflammatory [26], anti-malarial, cure for stomach ache, weight loss [20,27], anti-leukemia and fever reducer [28]. Pharmacological studies on piperine have revealed that this compound elicited diverse pharmacological activities [29].…”

Piperine inhibits ABCA1 degradation and promotes cholesterol efflux from THP‐1‐derived macrophages

“…Given the broad use of black pepper as spice all over the world, piperine, its most distinct constituent has also already gained significant research attention in the context of cardiovascular disease and a number of in vivo studies suggest that it has antiatherosclerotic activity . While macrophage ChE enhancement is one possible way for a small molecule to exert an antiatherosclerotic effect, the ChE‐inducing potential of piperine has not been studied so far.…”

“…Recent research also shows that piperine exhibits beneficial cardiovascular effects in vivo. In rats fed on a high-fat diet enriched with cholesterol and other lipids, elevated plasma levels of HDL and apo A1, and decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol (LDL cholesterol) were observed in animals supplied with piperine-supplemented food [20][21][22][23]. Another study found that rats fed with high carbo-hydrate, high-fat diet supplemented with piperine displayed normalized blood pressure and improved aortic reactivity [24].…”