Lipid-Lowering Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide In Vivo and In Vitro

Abstract

Excessive lipid intake will cause hyperlipidemia, fatty liver metabolism disease, and endanger people’s health. Edible fungus polysaccharide is a natural active substance for lipid lowering. In this study, the HepG2 cell model induced by oleic acid and mice model induced by a high-fat diet was established. The lipid-lowering effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Glucose (251.33 mg/g), rhamnose (11.53 mg/g), ribose (5.10 mg/g), glucuronic acid (6.30 mg/g), and galacturonic acid (2.95 mg/g) are present in IOP, at a ratio of 85.2:3.91:1.73:2.14:1. The molecular weight of IOP is 42.28 kDa. Treatment with 60 mg/L of IOP showed a significant lipid-lowering effect in HepG2 cells compared with the oleic acid-treated group. In the oil red O-stained images, the red fat droplets in the IOP-treated groups were significantly reduced. TC and TG levels of IOP-treated groups decreased. IOP can alleviate the lipid deposition in the mice liver due to high-fat diet, and significantly reduce their serum TC, TG, and LDL-C contents. IOP could activate AMPK but decrease the SREBP-1C, FAS, and ACC protein expression related to adipose synthesis in mice. IOP has a certain potential for lipid-lowering effects both in vivo and in vitro.

Polymeric Compounds of Lingonberry Waste: Characterization of Antioxidant and Hypolipidemic Polysaccharides and Polyphenol-Polysaccharide Conjugates from Vaccinium vitis-idaea Press Cake

“…Known polysaccharides with bile acid binding activity were also isolated from Abelmoschus esculentus [ 62 ], Kadsura coccinea [ 63 ], and Laminaria japonica [ 64 ], and in all cases, the presence of uronic acids was determined as a basic principle for effect manifestation [ 65 ]. The lipid lowering effect of Inonotus obliquus and Volvariella volvacea polysaccharides was associated with their fat and cholesterol binding [ 66 , 67 ], providing the hypolipidemic activity of polymers. In addition, the pancreatic lipase inhibition plays an important role in the lipid lowering effect of plant food and polysaccharide-derived products.…”

Therapeutic properties of Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom): A review

“…DNA sequencing of caecal microbiota revealed that the ameliorative effects of IOP on obesity are through modification of the microbiota metabolism, particularly an increase in butyrate-production-associated bacteria Lactobacillus and Bacteroidales S24-7, as well as short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria Holdemanella and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 (Yu et al 2020 ). Furthermore, IOP can significantly reduce serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) contents, while increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) content both in vitro in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and in vivo in mice fed with a high-fat diet (Yang et al 2021 ; Lin et al 2023 ). A successful decrease in the weight gain of mice induced by a high-fat diet was also observed after 10 weeks of IOP treatment (Yang et al 2021 ).…”

“…Furthermore, IOP can significantly reduce serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) contents, while increasing high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) content both in vitro in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells and in vivo in mice fed with a high-fat diet (Yang et al 2021 ; Lin et al 2023 ). A successful decrease in the weight gain of mice induced by a high-fat diet was also observed after 10 weeks of IOP treatment (Yang et al 2021 ).…”

Study of active components and mechanisms mediating the hypolipidemic effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides

“…On the one hand, it is of substantial consequence to delve into the underlying mechanism of its biological activity. On the other hand, previous studies lacked reproducibility, so it is of great significance for us to further study the lipid‐lowering active components of IOP and its mechanism (Xu et al., 2019 ; Yang et al., 2021 ).…”