Lipid Loss With Flight in the Douglas-Fir Beetle

Abstract

Can. Ent. 101: 164-165 (1969) Newly emerged adults of Dendroctonz~s pseudotmgae Hopkins were separated into pairs of similar size, One beetle from each pair was used as a control; the other was flown on a rotating mill. Soxhlet extractions in petroleum ether revealed that the flown beetles contained significantly less fat.

Host-Tree Chemistry Affecting Colonization in Bark Beetles

“…A graphical, and simplified, model of host acceptance is shown in Figure 5.6 that is directly applicable to bark beetles. In this model, as the bark beetle flies around searching for suitable host trees (usually trees already under attack by conspecifics) they use up energy reserves of lipids (Atkins, 1969;Thompson and Bennett, 1971) and probably become increasingly "desperate" to accept a host. The beetle may by chance encounter several hosts during the dispersal flight that are more or less suitable for reproduction.…”

“…lineatum, and I . sexdentatus) may require a period of flight exercise before they are fully responsive to pheromone or host attractants (Graham, 1959;Atkins, 1969;Bennett and Borden, 1971 ;Wollennan, 1979;Choudhury and Kennedy, 1980;Jactel, 199 1). Other species such as D. ponderosae, D. brevicomis, 1. paraconfusus, Pityogenes chalcographus, and T. piniperda are responsive to semiochemicals immediately after beginning flight (Gray et al, 1972;Byers and Wood, 1980;Byers et al, 1985Byers et al, , 1990a.…”

Dispersal and flight behaviour of lps sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in pine forest

“…It is likely that a part of the population can have a chemotropic response at the very beginning of its dispersal (Atkins, 1966;Francia and Graham, 1967;Andryzsak et al, 1982). According to the current theory, the flight threshold corresponds to the consumption of a certain part of the insect's lipid supply, which varies among the individuals in a population (Atkins, 1969;Borden et al, 1986). In a same manner, Borden (1967), Birch (1974) and Botterweg (1982Botterweg ( , 1983 found overwintering beetles much less responsive to pheromones than the summer generation and attributed this to the greater lipid content in the overwintering generation (Hagen and Atkins, 1975 Salom and McLean (1989) observed an inversion of the preferential directions of capture for the longest distances of trapping.…”

Effects of host quality parameters on fitness of the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae).

“…Flight potential is a function of insect health, and lipid content limits the amount of time and the distance that many scolytids can travel (Atkins 1969;Williams & Robertson 2008). Resource availability or the proximity to available resources dictates the distance that a mountain pine beetle must cover in order to find a suitable host.…”

“…Insects with larger bodies are understood to contain greater amounts of flight muscle and water (Williams & Robertson 2008). Lipids are directly metabolized in flight, changing insect weight over time (Atkins 1969;Coppedge et al 1994) when searching for a new host tree. Larger bark beetles, with larger fat stores have been shown to have increased flight activity, and to have the ability to fly for longer periods of time than smaller beetles (Kinn 1986;).…”