Lipid, Lipoprotein, and Iron Status of Elite Women Distance Runners*

Durstine, J. Larry; Pate, Russell R.; Sparling, Phillip B.; Wilson, G. E.; Senn, Mark D.; Bartoli, W. P.

doi:10.1055/s-2008-1025716

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The presence of an upper threshold is a new finding, because the effect on HDL cholesterol was thought to be proportional to physical activity even at higher levels of fitness. 3 This finding, however, is consistent with conclusions of Durstine et al, 15 who found a significant difference in HDL cholesterol between "recreational" and "good" runners, but not between "good" and "elite" runners. The reasons for the existence of an upper threshold are not clear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Physical Fitness and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

Olchawa¹,

Kingwell²,

Hoang³

et al. 2004

ATVB

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Physical Fitness and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

Olchawa¹,

Kingwell²,

Hoang³

et al. 2004

ATVB

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“…Early observations of these very high values were made in the 1930s on Donald Lash (the first man to break 9 min for 2 miles, ϳ3,200 m) and other elite runners by Robinson and colleagues at the Harvard Fatigue Laboratory (380). Values in women are ϳ10 -15% lower than men as a result of having relatively less muscle mass and lower hematocrit and hemoglobin (139,352,405). FIGURE 3 shows the estimated distribution of maximal oxygen consumption (V O 2max ) for a group of 44,549 males (472) and also the relationship between whole body V O 2max and total body hemoglobin (238).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological Needs

Joyner

Casey

2015

Physiological Reviews

561

513

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LJoyner MJ, Casey DP. Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological Needs. Physiol Rev 95: 549 -601, 2015; doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2013.-This review focuses on how blood flow to contracting skeletal muscles is regulated during exercise in humans. The idea is that blood flow to the contracting muscles links oxygen in the atmosphere with the contracting muscles where it is consumed. In this context, we take a top down approach and review the basics of oxygen consumption at rest and during exercise in humans, how these values change with training, and the systemic hemodynamic adaptations that support them. We highlight the very high muscle blood flow responses to exercise discovered in the 1980s. We also discuss the vasodilating factors in the contracting muscles responsible for these very high flows. Finally, the competition between demand for blood flow by contracting muscles and maximum systemic cardiac output is discussed as a potential challenge to blood pressure regulation during heavy large muscle mass or whole body exercise in humans. At this time, no one dominant dilator mechanism accounts for exercise hyperemia. Additionally, complex interactions between the sympathetic nervous system and the microcirculation facilitate high levels of systemic oxygen extraction and permit just enough sympathetic control of blood flow to contracting muscles to regulate blood pressure during large muscle mass exercise in humans.

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“…(BrJ Sports Med 1996;30: [15][16][17][18][19] Key terms: exercise; exertion; iron deficiency; sports anaemia; serum ferritin…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of iron metabolism indices and their relation with physical work capacity in athletes.

et al. 1996

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Objective-To evaluate the relation between iron status and physical working capacity, and to assess the effect of oral iron treatment on these variables, in athletes with borderline iron status. Methods-Blood haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), and ferritin determinations were compared in 71 male and 18 female athletes participating in various sports and in matched male (n = 11) and female (n =8) controls. The first aim was to assess the relations between these variables and performance in a physical work capacity test (PWC170).Oral iron treatment (175-350 mg ferrous fumarate daily) was provided for three weeks to six male and five female athletes with borderline Hb concentrations, to determine the effects of such treatment on both iron status and performance.Results-Among females, handball players had the lowest serum ferritin concentrations (P < 0.05), the highest TIBC values, and lowest PWC170 scores (P < 0.01); runners had the highest ferritin concentrations and PWC170 scores (P < 0.01). There were significant correlations (P < 0.01) between PWC170 and PCV, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation of female athletes. Hb, serum iron, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation increased with iron treatment in both males (P < 0.01) and females (P < 0.05). Conclusions-Serum ferritin determination may prove a valuable addition to the screening of athletes and may indicate the need for iron treatment, even though a causal effect on improvement of work capacity may not be present. (BrJ Sports Med 1996;30:15-19)

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Lipid, Lipoprotein, and Iron Status of Elite Women Distance Runners*

Cited by 52 publications

References 20 publications

Physical Fitness and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

Physical Fitness and Reverse Cholesterol Transport

Regulation of Increased Blood Flow (Hyperemia) to Muscles During Exercise: A Hierarchy of Competing Physiological Needs

Evaluation of iron metabolism indices and their relation with physical work capacity in athletes.

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