Lipid Composition as a Guide to the Classification of Bacteria

Shaw, N.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70555-0

Cited by 303 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…Perhaps some alteration in the metabolism of the synovium secondary to the inflammatory process explains the presence of detectable succinic acid in the 5 patients with nonseptic inflammatory fluids. Lactic and succinic acid are products of the metabolism of a wide variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria (15). Thus, in septic synovial fluids, the fatty acids detected by gasliquid chromatography are probably the results of both bacterial and host metabolic processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Borenstein

Gibbs

Jacobs

1982

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Nonvolatile short-chain fatty acids from 80 synovial fluids were quantified by gas-liquid chromatography. Succinic acid was detectable in all 23 septic synovia1 fluids infected with either gram-positive or gramnegative organisms and in only 5 of 57 nonseptic synovial fluids. Lactic acid was present in all of the effusions but was correlated with septic arthritis only when present in concentrations greater than 250 mg% .Neither short-chain fatty acid was more sensitive than high white blood cell counts (>50,000 mm3) or depressed glucose concentration (<40 mg/dl) in diagnosing septic arthritis before antibiotic therapy; however, the detection of succinic acid was helpful in identifying patients with septic arthritis who had been given antibiotic treatment before arthrocentesis. Thus, gas-liquid chromatography, a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of short-chain fatty acids, may complement the currently available methods used to diagnose septic arthritis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Borenstein

Gibbs

Jacobs

1982

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…Lipids can provide good characters for the classification and identification of bacteria (10,31,42). In mycobacteria and coryneform and nocardioform bacteria the distribution of longchain components, in particular the mycolic acids, has diagnostic value (1, 2, 3, 12, 25, 26, 31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polar Lipid Composition in the Classification of Nocardia and Related Bacteria

Minnikin

Patel²,

Alshamaony³

et al. 1977

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

855

575

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Strains representing the mycolic acid-containing taxa Nocard ia , Mycobacterium, Gordona, Corynebacterium, Bacterionema, and the "rhodochrous" complex were analysed for polar lipids by two-dimensional, thin-layer chromatography; diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol were found in all strains and phosphatidylethanolamine was absent only in extracts of Coryne bacterium and Bacterionema. Mono-and diacyl phosphatidylinositol dimannosides were present in all Nocardia, Mycobacterium, Corynebacterium, and rhodochrous strains and in the single strain of Gordona aurantiaca examined; Bacterionema and strains of the other Gordona species had only a monoacyl phosphatidylinosito1 dimannoside. Phosphatidylglycerol was present in substantial amounts in extracts of two strains of Bacterionema matruchotii and in reduced proportions in strains of several other species. Unidentified glycolipids were detected in the lipids of a majority of the organisms investigated.Lipids can provide good characters for the classification and identification of bacteria (10, 31, 42). In mycobacteria and coryneform and nocardioform bacteria the distribution of longchain components, in particular the mycolic acids, has diagnostic value (1, 2, 3, 12, 25, 26, 31). Less attention has been paid to the value of polar lipids as taxonomic markers. Inconsistencies between various reports (17, 19, 21, 22, 37, 48-50) on the distribution of polar lipids in nocardioform and related taxa require clarification. The most characteristic polar lipids of actinomycetes are the phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs); a few mycobacteria contain major amounts of phosphatidylinositol dimannosides (PIDMs) with three or four fatty acid residues in each molecule co-occurring with lipids having up to five mannose units (6, 35). Phosphatidylinositol monomannosides have been reported from Nocardia leishmanii (501, Nocardia coeliaca (49), Nocardia polychromogenes (17, 481, Nocardia asteroides, Nocardia caviae, and strains labeled Nocardia erythropolis and Nocardia farcinica (37). However, another report (19) highlighted the presence of PIDMs in strains of N . coeliaca and N . potychromogenes. In a more extensive investigation (22) of the value of phospholipids in the taxonomy of coryneform and nocardioform bacteria, the number of mannose units in the PIMs was not determined. In the present study, the polar lipid patterns of strains of Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Gordona, and the "rhodochrous" complex (11) were compared and the PIMs of representative nocardiae were examined in more detail. Two strains of Bacterionema matruchotii, recently shown to contain fatty and mycolic acids (la) similar t o those of Corynebacterium, were also studied. MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains and growth conditions. Details of the strains and their sources are given in Table 1. All cultures were maintained routinely on yeast extract agar a t room temperature.The mycobacteria, nocardiae, and gordonae were grown in shake culture at 30°C for 2 to 5 days in modified Sauton medium (33) a...

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“…The similarity in features may lead to misdiagnosis, and the distinction between these species has been questioned. Gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids has become an important tool for taxonomic differentiation between facultative bacteria (17,24). Examinations of bound whole-cell fatty acids (3,5,7,12) and fatty acids in lipopolysaccharide and lipid A (6) from A .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Notes: Differentiation Between Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Haemophilus aphrophilus by High-Resolution, Two-Dimensional Protein Electrophoresis

Jellum

Tingelstad

Olsen

1984

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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The cellular proteins of eight strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and seven strains of Haemophilus aphrophilus were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and silver staining. The electrophoretic patterns of A . actinomycetemcomitans and H . aphrophilus were so different that distinction between these closely related bacteria could easily be made. There were also minor quantitative and qualitative differences in the protein patterns of strains within both species, enabling, particularly, A . actinomycetemcomitans strains FDC 2097 and FDC Y4 and H . aphrophilus strains ATCC 19415, FDC 626, and FDC 621 to be singled out.

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Lipid Composition as a Guide to the Classification of Bacteria

Cited by 303 publications

References 166 publications

Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Polar Lipid Composition in the Classification of Nocardia and Related Bacteria

Notes: Differentiation Between Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Haemophilus aphrophilus by High-Resolution, Two-Dimensional Protein Electrophoresis

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