Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Borenstein, David G.; Gibbs, Christina A.; Jacobs, Robert P.

doi:10.1002/art.1780250806

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…2,32 The relatively high rate of negative bacterial culture, the lack of specificity in defining bone and joint infections in children, delays in diagnosing and directing specific antibiotic therapy for fastidious and uncommon organisms, the increasing trend for antibiotic resistance among common pathogens, and a need to better direct length of treatment of these infections all require a more sensitive, rapid, and reproducible means of bacterial identification. Efforts to improve the ability to detect bacterial pathogens from body tissues and fluids initially led to the development of gas-liquid chromatography methods looking for metabolic by-products 33,34 and agglutination techniques for specific bacteria. 35 Over the last 10 years, there has been an increase in studies using molecular methods in infectious diseases: Bto facilitate the clinical diagnosis, to define relatedness between strains for epidemiological studies, to demonstrate the pathogenesis or virulence of particular strains, and to identify the agents of syndromes whose causes are unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection and Speciation of Bacterial Bone and Joint Infection in Children

Song

Boatright

Drassler

et al. 2009

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

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We evaluated 36 consecutive patients presenting with signs and symptoms of bacterial bone and joint infection and 10 control patients using bacterial cultures of blood and the presumed site of infection compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques using a universal primer and restriction endonuclease digestion. Of the 28 patients with definitive clinical and/or laboratory evidence of bacterial infection, 16 patients had positive bacterial cultures and 12 were PCR-positive. Twenty of 28 patients were either PCR- or culture-positive. Nine of the 16 subjects who had culture-positive samples also had PCR-positive samples (8 positive for the same organism and 1 with 2 organisms identified by culture, but only a single organism by PCR. Six culture positive patients were PCR-negative. Of the 12 patients who were culture-negative, 4 had bacterial genomic material present indicating infection. We conclude that current PCR methods are not superior to standard bacterial culture methods when applied to children with presumed bone or joint infections, but that PCR may complement existing microbiologic cultures for detection of bone and joint infections in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection and Speciation of Bacterial Bone and Joint Infection in Children

Song

Boatright

Drassler

et al. 2009

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OHG was quantified directly by GC after acidification with phosphoric acid. Previous GC protocols to quantify the nonvolatile lactate and OHG were based on extraction and derivatization (Borenstein et al 1982;Jokipii et al 1987;Gibson et al 1993;Struys et al 2004). The sensitivity of the GC method sufficed for the detection of a-KG metabolism in L. sanfranciscensis millimolar amounts of 2-OHG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic pathway of α-ketoglutarate in Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Lactobacillus reuteri during sourdough fermentation

Zhang

Gänzle

2010

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Aim: To identify metabolites of α‐ketoglutarate (α‐KG) in Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Lactobacillus reuteri in modified MRS and sourdough. Methods and Results: Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and L. reuteri were grown with additional α‐KG in mMRS and in wheat sourdough. In mMRS, α‐KG was used as an electron acceptor and converted to 2‐hydroxyglutarate (2‐OHG) by both organisms. Production of 2‐OHG was identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confirmed by gas chromatography (GC). Crude cell extracts of L. sanfranciscensis and L. reuteri grown with or without α‐KG exhibited OHG dehydrogenase activity of 6·3 ± 0·3, 2·3 ± 0·9, 1·2 ± 0·2, and 1·1 ± 0·1 mmol l−1 NADH (min x mg protein)−1, respectively. The presence of phenylalanine and citrate in addition to α‐KG partially redirected the use of α‐KG from electron acceptor to amino group acceptor. In wheat sourdoughs, α‐KG was predominantly used as electron acceptor and converted to 2‐OHG. Conclusions: Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and L. reuteri utilize α‐KG as electron acceptor. Alternative use of α‐KG as amino group acceptor occurs in the presence of abundant amino donors and citrate. Significance and Impact of the Study: The use of α‐KG as electron acceptor in heterofermentative lactobacilli impacts the formation of flavour volatiles through the transamination pathway.

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“…Metabolite extraction from synovial fluid was conducted using 80% (v/v) methanol at −20°C according to a previously described procedure with a slight modification [18]. Synovial fluid samples were thawed on ice for 3 min and then centrifuged at 500× g at 4°C for 5 min to remove cells and debris.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Metabolite Profiling of Synovial Fluid for the Specific Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis from Other Inflammatory Arthritis

et al. 2014

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Currently, reliable biomarkers that can be used to distinguish rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from other inflammatory diseases are unavailable. To find possible distinctive metabolic patterns and biomarker candidates for RA, we performed global metabolite profiling of synovial fluid samples. Synovial fluid samples from 38 patients with RA, ankylosing spondylitis, Behçet's disease, and gout were analyzed by gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF MS). Orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant and hierarchical clustering analyses were performed for the discrimination of RA and non-RA groups. Variable importance for projection values were determined, and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and the breakdown and one-way analysis of variance were conducted to identify potential biomarkers for RA. A total of 105 metabolites were identified from synovial fluid samples. The score plot of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significant discrimination between the RA and non-RA groups. The 20 metabolites, including citrulline, succinate, glutamine, octadecanol, isopalmitic acid, and glycerol, were identified as potential biomarkers for RA. These metabolites were found to be associated with the urea and TCA cycles as well as fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. The metabolomic analysis results demonstrated that global metabolite profiling by GC/TOF MS might be a useful tool for the effective diagnosis and further understanding of RA.

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Gas‐liquid chromatographic analysis of synovial fluid. Succinic acid and lactic acid as markers for septic arthritis

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

The Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection and Speciation of Bacterial Bone and Joint Infection in Children

The Use of Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Detection and Speciation of Bacterial Bone and Joint Infection in Children

Metabolic pathway of α-ketoglutarate in Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Lactobacillus reuteri during sourdough fermentation

Global Metabolite Profiling of Synovial Fluid for the Specific Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis from Other Inflammatory Arthritis

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