Lipid assessment, metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease risk

Arsenault, Benoît J.; Després, Jean‐Pierre; Stroes, Erik S.G.; Wareham, Nicholas J.; Kastelein, John J.P.; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Boekholdt, S. Matthijs

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2010.02357.x

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…As a CVD risk management tool, LDL-C values indicate which patients have lowered their risk to acceptable levels (as inferred from their treatment goal having been reached) and which have not (indicating a need for more aggressive treatment). Several large clinical studies demonstrate the limitations of this strategy in that, when alternate measures of LDL are discordant, LDL-P is more strongly associated with incident CVD events than LDL-C [5,6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Consequently, several expert panels now recommend consideration of LDL-P levels to adjudicate and guide medical decision-making [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

NMR measurement of LDL particle number using the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer

Matyus¹,

Braun²,

Wolak-Dinsmore³

et al. 2014

Clinical Biochemistry

124

137

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

NMR measurement of LDL particle number using the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer

Matyus¹,

Braun²,

Wolak-Dinsmore³

et al. 2014

Clinical Biochemistry

124

137

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“…Moreover, there have been studies reporting that osteoporosis is associated with atherosclerosis or calcification of the arteries,9-12) and that low BMD is significantly associated with greater cardiovascular mortality 13). Given that high LDL-C or low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are main risk factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease,14) it could be hypothesized that serum lipid profiles are significantly associated with BMD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Serum Cholesterol Level and Bone Mineral Density at Lumbar Spine and Femur Neck in Postmenopausal Korean Women

Song

Park

et al. 2012

Korean J Fam Med

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BackgroundBlood lipid profiles have been suggested to be a risk factor for osteoporosis. However, the association between lipid profiles and bone mineral density (BMD) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate an association between blood lipid profiles and BMD through both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study.MethodsStudy subjects were 958 postmenopausal Korean women who have repeatedly undertaken laboratory tests and BMD measurements at lumbar spine and femur neck with an interval of 7.1 years. The associations between lipid profiles and BMD were examined using Spearman correlation analysis with an adjustment for age, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, body mass index, and follow-up duration.ResultsLumbar spine BMD was not associated with total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HLD-C) regardless of when the measurement was performed. In an analysis using data measured at the beginning of the study, femur neck BMD was not associated with TC and LDL-C. However, femur neck BMD showed weak but significantly positive correlation with HDL-C (correlation coefficient, 0.077; 95% confidence interval, 0.005 to 0.149). When the analysis was repeated with data measured at the end of the follow-up, there was no significant correlation between femur neck BMD and any lipid profile. In addition, change in femur neck BMD during follow-up was not associated with the change in lipid profiles.ConclusionAlthough further study with a consideration of calcium intake and osteoporosis medication seems necessary, this study found no association between serum lipid profiles and BMD in postmenopausal Korean women.

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“…Research has shown that approximately 50% of population-attributable risk of developing CVD is associated with abnormalities in lipid biomarker profile (5). Most of the existing guidelines have used traditional lipid levels and other risk factors, namely total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and nonlipid risk factors, e.g., high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes, age, sex, diet, and obesity, as risk factor scores for CVD risk prediction (6, 7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the existing guidelines have used traditional lipid levels and other risk factors, namely total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and nonlipid risk factors, e.g., high blood pressure, cigarette smoking, diabetes, age, sex, diet, and obesity, as risk factor scores for CVD risk prediction (6, 7). Based on recent studies, there is a growing interest to investigate whether nontraditional lipid-related markers add incremental value to standard prognostic models containing information on TC, HDL-C, and other conventional risk factors and can improve the CVD risk prediction (5). The utility of nontraditional markers in risk assessment is best examined by combining them with a model that includes traditional risk factors (8, 9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoprotein Biomarkers and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP) Systematic Review

Sandhu

Musaad

Remaley

et al. 2016

The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine

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Background Controversy exists about the incremental utility of nontraditional lipid biomarkers [e.g., apolipoprotein (apo) B, apo A-I, and non-HDL-C] in improving cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction when added to a conventional model of traditional risk factors (e.g., total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, sex, age, smoking status, and blood pressure). Here we present a systematic review that was conducted to assess the use of nontraditional lipid biomarkers including apo B, apo A-I, apo B/A-I ratio, and non-HDL-C in improving CVD risk prediction after controlling for the traditional risk factors in populations at risk for cardiovascular events. Content This systematic review used the Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP™) A-6 methods. A total of 9 relevant studies published before and including July 2015 comprised the evidence base for this review. Results from this systematic review indicated that after the adjustment for standard nonlipid and lipid CVD risk factors, nontraditional apolipoprotein biomarkers apo B (overall effect = relative risk: 1.31; 95% CI, 1.22–1.40; 4 studies) and apo B/apo A-I ratio (overall effect = relative risk: 1.31; 95% CI, 1.11–1.38; 7 studies) resulted in significant improvement in long-term CVD risk assessment. Summary Available evidence showed that nontraditional lipid biomarkers apo B and apo B/apo I ratio can improve the risk prediction for cardiovascular events after controlling for the traditional risk factors for the populations at risk. However, because of insufficient evidence, no conclusions could be made for the effectiveness of apo A-I and non-HDL-C lipid markers to predict the CVD events, indicating a need for more research in this field.

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Lipid assessment, metabolic syndrome and coronary heart disease risk

Abstract: In this European study population, the TC/HDL-C, apoB/apoA-I and LDL(NMR) /HDL(NMR) ratios were similarly associated with components of the metabolic syndrome and CHD risk.

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

NMR measurement of LDL particle number using the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer

NMR measurement of LDL particle number using the Vantera® Clinical Analyzer

Association between Serum Cholesterol Level and Bone Mineral Density at Lumbar Spine and Femur Neck in Postmenopausal Korean Women

Lipoprotein Biomarkers and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP) Systematic Review

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